Chapter 5- Skeletal system Flashcards
Axial Skeleton
bones that form longitudinal axis of body
Appendicular Skeleton
bones of limbs and girdles
Compact Bone
dense and looks smooth
Spongy Bone
composed of small needle like pieces of bone and open space
Long Bones
longer than they are wide
all bones of limbs except ankles and wrists
Short Bones
cube-shaped and contain spongy bone
Flat Bones
thin, flattened and curved bones
Irregular Bones
bones that don’t fit one of the other categories
hip bones and vertebrae
Diaphysis
makes up most of bone’s length and made of compact bone
Periosteum
fibrous connective tissue membrane that protects diaphysis
Epiphyseal Line
thin line of bony tissue that looks different from rest of bone in that area
Comminuted fracture
bone breaks into fragments
Compression fracture
bone is crushed
Depressed fracture
broken bone portion is pressed inward
Impacted fracture
broken bone ends are forced into each other
Spiral fracture
ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone
Greenstick fracture
bone breaks incompletely
Hematoma
blood-filled swelling
Cranium
encloses and protects fragile brain tissue
Occipital Bone
most posterior bone of cranium
Vertebral Column
spine
Vertebrae
bones that make up spine
Intervertebral Discs
flexible cartilage which cushion vertebrae and absorb shocks while allowing spine flexibility
Cervical vertebrae
form neck region of spine
Thoracic Vertebrae
larger than cervical vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae
have massive, block like bodies
Sacrum
formed by fusion of five vertebrae
Coccyx
tailbone
formed from fusion of 3-5 irregularly shaped vertebrae
Sternum
flat bone
result of fusion of 3 bones
Ribs
protect inner organs
Clavicle
collarbone
Scapulae
shoulder blades
Humerous
long bone in the arm
Radius
bone in your arm
on the thumb side of the forearm
Ulna
medial bone of the forearm
Carpal Bones
make up the wrist
Pelvic Girdle
hip bones
Femur
thigh bone
Tibia
shinbone
Fibula
no part in forming knee joint
lies next to tibia and forms joints
