integumentary vocab Flashcards
body membrane
cover surfaces, line body cavities and form protective sheets around organs
epithelial membrane
called covering and lining membranes
include cutaneous membrane, mucous membranes and serous membranes
cutaneous membrane
skin
mucous membrane
lines all body cavities that open to the exterior, such as those of the hollow organs of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts
serous membrane
occur in pairs
line body cavities that are closed to the exterior
serous fluid
allows organs to slide easily across the cavity walls and one another w/out friction as they carry out their routine functions
peritoneum
lining in abdominal cavity and covering its organs
pleura
serous membrane that surrounds the lungs
pericardium
serous membrane around the heart
synovial membrane
line the fibrous capsules surrounding the joints
skin
aka: cutaneous membrane
used for protection
integument
means covering
keeps water and other molecules inside the body
keratin
a tough, insoluble protein found in tissues such as hair, nails and epidermis of skin
epidermis
outer part of the skin
dermis
layer under epidermis
made of dense connective tissue
subcutaneous tissue/hypodermis
not considered part of skin
anchors skin to underlying organs
stratum basale
deepest cell layer of epidermis
stratum spinosum
one of the layers superficial to the dermis
daughter cells get sent here
stratum granulosum
daughter cells become flatter, increasingly full of keratin and die here
stratum lucidum
occurs only where the skin is hairless and extra thick (palms of hands/soles of feet)
stratum corneum
outermost layer
20-30 cell layers thick
melanin
pigment that ranges in color from yellow to brown to black
papillary layer
upper dermal region
dermal papillae
the uneven, finger-like projections from superior surface
indent the epidermis
reticular layer
deepest skin layer
contains blood vessels, sweat/oil glands, and deep pressure receptors
exocrine glands
release secretions to skin surface
sebaceous glands
oil glands
found all over skin except on palms of hands and soles of feet
sebum
product of sebaceous glands
mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells
prevents hair from becoming brittle
contain chemicals that kill bacteria
eccrine glands
produce sweat and lactic acid
apocrine glands
confined to axillary and genital areas of body
ducts empty into hair follicles
secretion contains fatty acids and proteins
hair follicles
compound structures
inner epidermal sheath is composed of epithelial tissue and forms the hair
outer dermal sheath is dermal connective tissue
arrector pili
small bands of smooth muscle cells
athlete’s foot
itchy, red, peeling condition of the skin between toes, resulting from fungus infection
boils and carbuncles
inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, common on dorsal neck
carbuncles are composite boils typically caused by bacterial infection
cold sores
small fluid-filled blisters that itch and sting, caused by herpes simplex infection
virus localizes in cutaneous nerve, where it remains dormant until activated by emotional upset, fever, or UV radiation
cold sores usually occur around the lips and in the oral mucosa of the mouth
contact dermatits
itching, redness, and swelling of the skin, progressing to blistering
caused by exposure of the skin to chemicals that provoke allergic responses in sensitive individuals
impetigo
pink, water-filled, raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture
caused by highly contagious staphylococcus infection; common in elementary school-aged children
psoriasis
a chronic condition, characterized by overproduction of skin cells that results in reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales
when severe may be disfiguring
believed to be an autoimmune system attacks a person’s own tissues
attacks often triggered by trauma, infection, hormonal changes, and stress
