The Human Body Flashcards
provides oxygen, nutrients and hormones to muscles, tissues and organs throughout the body
Circulatory system
moves fresh air into your body while removing waste gases
Respiratory system
converts the foods we eat into their simplest forms, like glucose, amino acids, or fatty acids
Digestive system
carry signals to and from the brain and spinal cord to different parts of the body
Nervous system
made up of glands that make hormones
Endocrine system
the tissues, glands, and organs involved in producing offspring
Reproductive system
keeps fluid levels in balance and defends against infections
Lymphatic system
includes your bones, muscles, cartilage and connective tissue like ligaments and tendons
Skeletal system
composed of muscle fibers where their predominant function is contractibility
Muscular system
your body’s outer layer; it consists of your skin, hair, nails and glands.
Integumentary system
filters blood and creates urine as a waste by-product
Urinary system
helps with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins and making hormones.
lipids
supplies amino acids for the growth and maintenance of our cells and tissues
proteins
serves as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells and plays an important role in directing protein synthesis (DNA & RNA)
nucleic acids
refers to the head
cephalic region
encompasses the upper arm
brachial region
refers to the space inside the crook of the elbow
antecubital region
refers to the back of the elbow
olecranal region
refers to the forearm
antebrachial region
refers to the thumb
pollex region
refers to the lateral (side) of hips
coxal region
refers to the thigh
femoral region
refers to the knee
patellar region
refers to a diamond-shaped space behind the knee joint
popliteal region
refers to the leg
crural region
refers to the calf
sural region
refers to the ankle
tarsal region
refers to the foot
pedal region
refers to the big toe
hallux region
refers to the skin in between your genitals and your anus
perineal region
the two largest human body ___ are ventral and dorsal
cavities
the liver is found in the ____ region
epigastric
the spleen is found in the ___ ___ region
left hypochondriac
the small intestine is found in the ___ ___ region
right hypochondriac
the appendix is found in the ___ ___ region
right iliac
the sigmoid colon is found in the ___ ___ region
left iliac
maintenance of homeostasis usually involves ___ ___ ___ (these act to oppose the stimulus that triggers them)
negative feedback loops
the ___ ___ is a triangular-shaped area in the upper chest
superior mediastinum
a single opening, typically housing organs with only one communication to the outside world, as opposed to two, would be considered a ___
foramen
most cells maintain a ___ charge INSIDE the cell due to an unequal distribution of ions
negative
