the Hispano arabic and folkloric tradition Flashcards
who is Abd al-Rahman I?
‘Abd al-Rahman I (reigned 756-88) managed to escape from the Abbasids and established.an emirate in Spain. He made Cordova the capital of Andalusia.
Muslim rule in Spain lasted?
Muslim rule in Spain lasted from 711 until 1492. Started by the conquest of the Berber commander Tariq bin Ziyad, during the Umayyad Caliphate of al-Walid and ended by the fall of Granada the last stronghold of the Arabs in 1492 CE.
when did Andalusia reach its political and military apogee?
Andalusia reached its political and military apogee under the reign of ‘Abd al-Rahman III (912- 61), who declared himself to be the Caliph. It was during his reign that the famous work of Andulusian (literature) was produced.
The Caliphate of Córdoba?
(929-1031)
The Kingdom of Granada?
(1212–1492)
The Emirate directly dependent on the Caliph in Damascus?
(711–756)
The Independent Emirate?
(756-929)
who is Ibn ‘Abd Rabbihi?
Ibn ‘Abd Rabbihi (d. 940) was a Moorish writer and poet. and Widely known for his great anthology al-ʿIqd al-Farīd (The Unique Necklace), a work divided into 25 sections. The 13th section is named the middle jewel of the necklace, and the chapters on either side are named after other jewels. It is an adab book resembling the writings of al-Jahiz from which it borrows largely. The chapters of this book cover wide range of topics, including poetry, religion, lives of the famous, geography…
who is ibn hazm?
Ibn Hazm (d. 1064) was a jurist, a theologian and in his early age wrote a book on love Tawq al-Hamama ( Dove’s Necklace), a work on chivalric love and is universally recognized as one of the greatest classics of medieval literature. Tawq al-Hamama is a treatise on psychology and manifestations of love in joy and sorrow.
where did Arab and European literature emerged?
It was in Andalusia that Arab and European literatures merged.
when did Andalusia developed its own style?
Andalusian poetry first imitated eastern models. It developed its own style around the 11th century.
Andalusian poets during the early centuries of Arab rule imitated the neoclassical school exemplified by al-Mutanabbi
t/f
true
what was the precursors of the songs of love and chivalry of medieval Europe.
Most probably that the Andalusian zajal and muwashahat
what is zajal?
Zajal is a traditional form of oral strophic poetry in a colloquial dialect. and This art moved by Ummayads to al-Andalus.
is zajal sung?
Zajal is semi-improvised and semi-sung and is often performed in the format of a debate between zajjalin (poets who improvise the zajal). It is usually accompanied by percussive musical instruments and a chorus of men who sing parts of the verse.
who is Ibn Quzman?
Ibn Quzman (d.1160) was the single most famous poet in the history of al-Andalus and he is also considered to be one of its most original. He has earned his fame by his zajals.
what is Muwashahat?
The muwashshah is written in Classical Arabic, and is more courtly than zajal. It rose from the fusion of Arabic and Provencal culture.
how is the muwashshah divided into?
The muwashshah is usually divided into five strophes, or stanzas, each numbering four, five, or six lines. The last part is called kharjah or envoi.
and Among its practitioners are al-Tutaili (d. 1126) and Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib (d. 1374)
- What is it that distinguishes the folkloric literary tradition from other forms of Arabic literature?
- Adventure and love are the main topics of Arabic folk epics
- These epics or romances have preserved their attraction in the Arabic world to the present time: they are still narrated in the cafés of some old Arabian cities, and in villages and in the less-modernized habitats of the Arabic world.
- What is the most popular form of the folkloric tradition? Mention three examples.
The Epic of ʿ Antara ibn Shaddad (around 4,000 pages)
The Epic of al- Dhahir Baibars (around 5,000 pages)
The Epic of Princess Dhat al-Himma and Her Son, Prince ʿ Abdul Wahhab (around 5,000 pages)
Alf Layla wa Layla was rarely mentioned by the Arabs and was not considered as a classical work of Arab literature.
It wasn’t a revered classic of Arab literature. Only recently the Nights’ importance as a folklore has been recognized.
Sira?
Entire Tribe:
Sirat Banu Hilal
Individual:
Sirat ‘Antar
The famous Hilali epic?
Sirat Bani Hilal , which has two major renditions: a prose rendition of about two thousand pages, and a poetry rendition collected and recorded by the poet ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Abnudi and constituting a quarter of a million poetry quartets
- Alf Laylah wa Laylah contains stories that seem to have been added at different places and times.
One Thousand and One Nights/Kitāb Alf Layla wa Layla is a collection of folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known incorrectly in English as the Arabian Nights.
