the heart (novak)

Question 1

what does it mean when we say the heart functions as a “dual pump”

Answer 1

pumps for the pulmonary and systemic circuits

Question 2

right atrium receives blood from the

Answer 2

systemic circuit and rv pumps it to the pulmonary circuit

Question 3

left atrium receives blood form the

Answer 3

pulmonary circuit and av pumps it to the systemic circuit

Question 4

where is the apex of the heart located?

Answer 4

anterior/inferior and points to the left hip; level of the 5th intercostal space

Question 5

what is the mediastinum?

Answer 5

space in the thoracic cavity that contains heart; divided into superior and inferior mediastinum. inferior mediastinum is broken into ant, mid, and post.

Question 6

where is the heart found in the mediastinum

Answer 6

middle inferior mediastinum, along with the pericardium

Question 7

3 layers of the pericardium

Answer 7

(from superficial to deep) fibrous pericardium, serous pericardium parietal and visceral layers

Question 8

functions of pericardium

Answer 8

prevents undesired movements, prevents overfilling of heart, reduces friction

Question 9

pericarditis

Answer 9

inflammation of the pericardium

Question 10

layers of heart wall

Answer 10

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 11

parts of epicardium

Answer 11

simple squamous epithelium and areolar ct and fat; also known as the visceral layer of the serous pericardium

Question 12

myocardium

Answer 12

cardiac muscle, bulk of the heart wall, MIs occur here

Question 13

parts of endocardium

Answer 13

areolar ct and endothelium; lines chambers and covers valves

Question 14

3 ways for ra to recieves deoxy blood

Answer 14

sup vena cava, inf vena cava, coronary sinus

Question 15

conducting nodes in ra

Answer 15

sa node (pacemakes), av node

Question 16

valve between ra and rv

Answer 16

right av or tricuspid

Question 17

why is the left side of the heart bigger?

Answer 17

it needs to pump blood throughout the body

Question 18

function of papillary muscles

Answer 18

anchor chordae tendinae

Question 19

function of chordae tendinae

Answer 19

prevents valves from everting

Question 20

valve from rv to pulmonary artery

Answer 20

pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 21

t/f. sa and av nodes are only in right atrium

Answer 21

true

Question 22

2 times the arteries and veins will switch colors

Answer 22

receiving o2 rich blood from pulmonary veins and fetal circulation

Question 23

valve between la and lv

Answer 23

left av, bicuspid, or mitral valve

Question 24

valve from lv to aorta

Answer 24

aortic semilunar valve

Question 25

functions of valves

Answer 25

prevent backflow of blood and premit it to go in one direction

Question 26

whats happening during “lub”

Answer 26

closure of av valvues

Question 27

whats happening during “dub”

Answer 27

closure of semilunar valves

Question 28

where can you hear heart sounds from right av node?

Answer 28

inf portion of the body of the sternum

Question 29

where can you hear heart sounds from the left av node?

Answer 29

left 5th intercostal space

Question 30

where can you hear heart sounds from the pulm semilunar valve?

Answer 30

2nd left intercostal space

Question 31

where can you hear heart sounds from the aortic semilunar valve?

Answer 31

2nd right intercostal space

Question 32

what is the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

Answer 32

ct between the atria and the ventricles

Question 33

function of fibrous skeleton

Answer 33

separates atria and ventricles, anchors heart valves, framework for cardiac muscle attachment

Question 34

what branches off the left coronary artery

Answer 34

circumflex artery and anterior interventricular artery

Question 35

what branches off the right coronary artery?

Answer 35

post interventricular artery and right marginal artery

Question 36

where is the coronary sinus on the heart

Answer 36

posterior

Question 37

what are is the first branch off the aorta?

Answer 37

coronary arteries

Question 38

myocardial infarction

Answer 38

heart attack; blockage of a coronary artery, most commonly the let ant interventricular; lack of o2 to the myocardium can cause the heart muscle to die