Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DMD 5247 > hypertensive drugs (broadhead) > Flashcards

hypertensive drugs (broadhead) Flashcards

1
Q

adrenergic neuron blockers prototype name

A

reserpine (Serpalan, Reserpine); sympatholytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

action of reserpine

A

makes norepinephrine unavailable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indications for reserpine

A

hypertension (not first line of choice due to severe adverse effects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

side effects of reserpine

A

severe depression and risk for suicide, bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, gastric iritation, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adverse side effects of reserpine

A

suicide risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

contraindications of reserpine

A

pregnancy category D, peptic ulcer disease, do not use with MAOIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

special considerations for reserpine

A

monitor for depression, monitor BP and HR, report dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

centrally acting alpha2 agonists prototype name

A

clonidine (Catapres); sympatholytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

action of clonidine

A

inhibits innervation of sympathetic neurons in the CNS resulting in bradycardia and decreases cardiac output, causes vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

indications for clonidine

A

hypertension, severe pain, prophylaxis for migraine headaches, dysmenorrhea, ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

side effects for clonidine

A

drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, rebound hypertensive crisis if abruptly discontinued

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adverse effects of clonidine

A

do not abruptly discontinue, angioedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

contraindications of clonidine

A

anticoagulant therapy, pregnancy category c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

special considerations for clonidine

A

monitor CNS effects, take at bedtime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

alpha1 adrenergic blockers prototype name

A

doxazosin (Cardura); sympatholytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

action of doxazosin

A

blocks alpha 1 adrenergic receptors (blocks vasoconstrictive effects) resulting in both venous and arteriolar vasodilaiton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

indications of doxazosin

A

hypertension, benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

side effects of doxazosin

A

orthostatic hyposension, reflex tachycardia, headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

adverse effects of doxazosin

A

dysrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

contraindications of doxazosin

A

history of syncope, children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

special considerations for doxazosin

A

monitor BP, take drug at bedtime, do not take with sildenafil (Viagra) may increase risk for hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

prototype for beta adrenergic blockers

A

atenolol (tenormin) and metoprolol (lopressor); sympatholytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

action of atenolol and metoprolol

A

block cardiac beta1 receptors resulting in decreased HR and contractility (causes decreased cardiac output and supresses reflec tachycardia); blocks renal beta1 receptors decreasing release of renin; decreases peripheral resistance of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

indications of atenolol and metoprolol

A

hypertension, angina pectoris, decreases mortality following MI, cardiac dysrhythmias, heart failure (only 2 including metoprolol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

side effects of atenolol and metoprolol

A

bradycardia, heart failure (shortness of breath, edema, cough at night), rebound excitation causing angina or MI with sudden withdrawl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

adverse effects of atenolol and metoprolol

A

cardiac arrest, agranulocytosis, bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

contraindications of atenolol and metoprolol

A

bradycardia, severe heart failure, cardiogenic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

special considerations for atenolol and metoprolol

A

monitor HR is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

alpha/beta blockers prototype name

A

carvedilol (Coreg); sympatholytic

30
Q

action of carvedilol

A

blocks peripheral alpha1 receptors resulting in arteriolar vasodilation; blocks cardiac beta1 receptors resulting in decreased HR and contractility; blocks kidney beta1 receptors resulting in decreased release of renin

31
Q

indications for carvedilol

A

hypertension, heart failure along with digoxin, ACE inhibitors and diuretics, prolongs survival after and MI

32
Q

side effects for carvedilol

A

dizziness, hypotension, bradycardia, decreased cardiac output

33
Q

adverse effects for carvedilol

A

Stevens-Johnsons syndrome, folic acid deficiencies

34
Q

contraindications for carvedilol

A

severe heart failure, COPD, severe bradycardia, cardiogenic shock

35
Q

special considerations for carvedilol

A

monitor BP, HR if

36
Q

ACE inhibitor prototype name

A

captopril (Capoten); RAAS

37
Q

captopril actions

A

blocks production of angiotensin 1 causing arteriolar vasodilation, urinary excretion of NA and H20

38
Q

inddications for captopril

A

hypertension, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy and LV dysfunction following MI

39
Q

side effects of captopril

A

severe hypotension with 1st done, dry, nonproductive cough due to increased bradykinin, rash, metallic taste, hyperkalemia, neutropenia

40
Q

adverse effects of captopril

A

blood dycrasias, allergic reaction, bronchospasm, angioedema

41
Q

contraindications of captopril

A

pregancy category D, K sparing diuretics, liver disease

42
Q

special considerations of captopril

A

monitor BP, monitor for cough, rash and metallic taste, monitor LFTs, electrolytes and CBC

43
Q

ARB prototype name

A

losartan (Cozaar); RAAS

44
Q

losartan actions

A

blocks angiotension 2 receptors causing arteriolar vasodilation, urinary exretion of NA and H2O and urinary retention of K

45
Q

indications for losartan

A

hypertension, prevents stroke, manages diabetic nephropathy, treats heart failure, prevents migrane

46
Q

side effects of llosartan

A

headache, insomnia, severe hypotension with 1st dose

47
Q

adverse effects of losartan

A

angioedema, CVA, renal failure, thromobytopenia

48
Q

contraindications of losartan

A

pregancy category D, children

49
Q

special considerations for losartan

A

monitor BP, report CNS effects, report fainiting or dizziness

50
Q

calcium channel blocker prototype name

A

nifedipine (Aldat, Procardia) and verapamil (Calan)

51
Q

actions of nifedipine and verapamil

A

blocks Ca channels in muscle cells of peripheral and cardiac arterioles and cardiac arteries resulting in arteriolar vasodilation, decreased BP, increased coronary perfusion, indirectly increases HR

52
Q

indications for nifedipine and verapamil

A

hypertension, stable angina and variant angina

53
Q

side effects of nifedipine and verapamil

A

reflec tachycardia causing increased angina in client with angina, gingival hyperplasia, lightheadedness, facial flushing, peripheral edema of feet and legs, hypotension

54
Q

adverse effects of nifedipine and verapamil

A

Stevens Johnsons syndrome, dysrhythmias, heart failure

55
Q

contraindications of nifedipine and verapamil

A

acute MI, unstable angina, GI obstruction, cardiogenic shock, severe heart failure

56
Q

special considerations of nifedipine and verapamil

A

give beta blocker to prevent tachycardia, monitor HR, BP (hold for

57
Q

thiazide diuretics prototype name (heart failure)

A

hydrochlorothazide (HydroDiurel)

58
Q

action of hydrochlorothiazide

A

blocks Na and Cl resorption causing increased excretion of Na and Cl, increases excretion of water/output, increases excretion K

59
Q

indication of hydrochlorothiazide

A

heart failure, hypertension, cirrhosis of the liver and renal failure

60
Q

side effects of hydrochlorothiazide

A

fluid and electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia, increased uric acid levels, hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

61
Q

adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide

A

hepatitis, uremia, agranulocytosis, neutropenia

62
Q

contraindications of hydrochlorothiazide

A

allergy to sulfa and thiazides, electrolyte imbalances

63
Q

special considerations for hydrochlorothiazide

A

monitor serum electorlytes, monitor uric acid levels, each high potassium foods

64
Q

prototype name for direct acting vasodilators

A

hydralazine (Apresoline) and nitroprusside (Nitropress)

65
Q

action of hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

dilates arterioles resulting in decreased peripheral resistance, decreased BP, increases HR, increases contractility

66
Q

indications for hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

moderate to severe hyptertension, hypertensive crisis, short term management of heart failure

67
Q

side effects of hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

headache, palpitations, SLE like syndrome (facial rash, joint pain, fever, nephritis, pericarditis), fluid retention,edema

68
Q

adverse effeccts of hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

do not abruptly withdraw, may cause hypertensive crisis, bone marrow suppression, shock

69
Q

contraindications of hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

rheumatic heart disease, MI, tachycardia

70
Q

special considerations for hydralazine and nitroprusside

A

monitor BP, HR, may add beta blocker for tachycardia, taper dose

DMD 5247 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions