blood vessels (novak) Flashcards
vessel tunics
tunica intima, media, externa
tunica interna
simple squamous endothemium
tunica media
circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers; vasodilation and vasoconstriction
tunica externa
collagen and elastic fibers
tunics in arteries
thickest tunica media
tunics in caillaries
only tunica intima allowing for quick gas exchange
tunics in veins
thickest tunica externa, smaller tunica media than arteries, valves
properties of elastic arteries
largest arteries; conducting arteries; high elastin content to stretch during heart contractions
ex of elastic arteries
aorta and its major branches
properties of muscular arteries
distributing arteries; thick tunica media; diameter of lumen changes to regulate blood flow to organs
ex of muscular arteries
brachial, coronary, inferior mesenteric, etc
flow of blood from artery to vein
elastic artery, mucular artery, arteriole, continuous/fenstrated capillaries, venule, medium vein, large vein
arterioles
primary resistance vessels, diameter regulated by local tissue factors and sns
capillaries
smallest vessels, endothelium only
venules
smallest veins, location of diapedesis
continuous capillary
most common, muscle, skin, lungs, and cns
fenstrated capillary
small intestine, exocrine, kidneys
sinusoid capillary
bone marrow, spleen, liver
t/f. bp is lower in veins compared to arteries
true
what are vericose veins
dysfunctions valves that lead to blood pooling in the superficial limb veins (hemorrhoids - vericose veins of the anorectal region)
parts of fetal circulation
umbilical cord (2 umbilical arteries and 1 vein), ductus venosus, foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus
ductus venosus
(takes blood from the unbilical vein to the inf vena cava, bypassing the liver)
foramen ovale
diverts blod from the ra to the la, bypassing the immature lungs
ductus arteriosus
ddiverts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch, bypassing the immature lungs
arterial blood pressure
100 mmHg into aorta, 35 mmHg at the start of capillaries
capillary hydrostatic pressure
pressure within capillary walls; 35 mmHg at begining, 18 at end
venous pressure
pressure withing the venous system; 18 mmHg to 2
total peripheral resistance
vascular resistance, blood viscosity, turbulence
vascualr resistance
friction between blood and vessel walls (drinking a milkshake out of a super long straw = high resistance)
blood viscosity
like drinking a milkshake is more viscous than a soda; anemia decreases viscosity
turbulence
creates swirls and eddies due to high flow rates, irregular surfaces, sudden changes in vessel diameter; found in atria and ventricles/ventricles and trunks/atherosclerotic plaque
