the heart and stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

where does the aorta carry blood from and to

A

from: heart to: body

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2
Q

pulmonary artery carries blood from and to

A

fro the heart and to the lungs

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3
Q

the pulmonary vein carries blood from and to ?

A

from the lungs to the heart

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4
Q

the vena carva carries blood from and to ?

A

deoxygenated blood and it isdelivered to the right atrium of the heart

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5
Q

what do valves in the heart do ?

A

prevent backflow of blood in the heart

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6
Q

which ventricle has a thicker wall

A

the left ventricle

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7
Q

why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle

A

it needs more muscle because it has to pump blood around the body at high pressure, but the right ventricle only has to pump it to the lungs

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8
Q

what does the right atrium do

A

it recieves deoxiganated blood from the body (through the vena carva)

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9
Q

what happens to the deoxiganated blood after it leaves the right atrium

A

the deoxiganated blood moves through to the right ventricle which pumps it to the lungs (via the pulmonary artery)

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10
Q

what does the left atrium do ?

A

recieves oxygenated blood from the lungs (through the pulmonary vein)

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11
Q

where does the oxygenated blood move after it moves through the left atrium

A

the oxygenated blood the moves through to the left ventricle which pumps it around the whole body (via the aorta)

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12
Q

what is plasma ?

A

plasma is the liquid that carries everything in the blood

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13
Q

what colour is plasma ?

A

pale straw coloured liquid

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14
Q

what are platelets

A

platelets help your blood clot (like when you get a scab)

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15
Q

what can lack of platelets cause

A

lack of platelets can cause excessive bleeding and bruising

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16
Q

what do white blood cells do ?

A

protect against infection

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17
Q

what are white blood cells that produce antibodies against microorganisms

A

lymphocytes

18
Q

what do red blood cells do

A

carry oxygen

19
Q

alveoli are adapted for what ?

A

efficient gas exchange

20
Q

do arteries have a large or small lumen ?

A

large lumen

21
Q

why do arterys have strong elastic walls ?

A

because the heart pumps out the blood at high pressures

22
Q

what do arteries contian to make them strong ?

A

thick layers of muscle

23
Q

why do arteries contain elastic fibres

A

to allow them to stretch and spring back for when the heart pumps the blood at high pressures

24
Q

why do arteries have a large lumen ?

A

allows a large volume of blood to flow through them

25
Q

do arteries have valves ?

A

noooooooooooo

26
Q

what type of blood do arteries carry ?

A

oxygenated blood

27
Q

what is the arteries function ?

A

carry blood away from the heart

28
Q

what is the capilleries function ?

A

supply food and oxygen and take away waste like CO2 and carry blood

29
Q

are capilleries big or small

A

small

30
Q

are arteries big or small

A

big

31
Q

do capilleries have a small or large lumen

A

small lumen

32
Q

why do capilleries have a small lumen ?

A

because they dont carry much blood

33
Q

why are capilleries so small

A

so they can travel close to cells and have exchange surfaces

34
Q

what type of blood do veins carry

A

deoxyganated blood

35
Q

what size lumen do veins have ?

A

a large lumen (bigger than arteries)

36
Q

why do veins have large lumens ?

A

to help blood flow despite low pressure

37
Q

why are vein walls not as thick as artery walls ?

A

because there is lower pressure in them

38
Q

do veins have valves ?

A

yes to keep the blood flowing in the right direction

39
Q

do red blood cells have a nucleus ?

A

no

40
Q

what shape do red blood cells have and why

A

biconcay because they dont have a nucleus so they can carry more oxygen

41
Q

what % of your blood is made from plasma

A

54