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BMS246 ANATOMY > THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS > Flashcards

THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS Flashcards

1
Q

WHERE DOES THE HEART LIE

A

MAINLY BEHIND THE STERNUM BUT PROTRUDES INTO THE LEFT HAND SIDE

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2
Q

WHAT ARE THE ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS FOR THE CORNERS OF THE HEART

A

RA - 3RD COSTAL CARTILAGE
RV - 6TH COSTAL CARTILAGE
LA - 2ND COSTAL CARTILAGE
LV - 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE

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3
Q

WHY ARE THE FOUR CORNERS OF THE HEART CLINICALLY IMPORTANT

A

DIAGNOSING HEART DEFECTS

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4
Q

WHERE DOES THE RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY ORIGINATE

A

THE BASE OF THE AORTA

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5
Q

THE ATRIA HAVE ……………….. APPENDAGES ATTACHED TO THEM

A

AURICULAR

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6
Q

WHAT ARE THE VALVES OF THE HEART

A

TRICUSPID
BICUSPID (MITRAL)
AORTIC
PULMONARY

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7
Q

HOW MANY SHUNTS ARE IN FOETAL CIRCULATION

A

3

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8
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE SHUNTS OF FOETAL CIRCULATION

A

DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS
FORAMEN OVALE
DUCTUS VENOSUS

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9
Q

EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION OF THE DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

A

LUNG BYPASS - A DUCT BETWEEN THE PLUMONARY ARTERIES AND THE AORTA
ALLOWS O2 RICH BLOOD TO BYPASS THE LUNGS
THE RV PUSHES BLOOD INTO THE AORTA INSTEAD OF THE LUNGS

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10
Q

EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION OF THE FORAMEN OVALE

A

ANOTHER BYPASS OF THE LUNGS BETWEEN RIGHT AND LEFT ATRIA ALLOWING OXYGENATED BLOOD TO FLOW

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE DUCTUS VENOSUS

A

LIVER BYPASS

FORM A SHUNT BETWEEN THE UMBILICAL VEIN AND THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA THEREBY BYPASSING THE LIVER

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12
Q

THE OBLIQUE SINUS FORM AN …… SHAPED SPACE MARKED BY THE PULMONARY …………………
THE TRANSVERSE SINUS RUNS BEHIND THE …………….. AND PULMONARY ARTERIES IN A WAY THAT ………………….. THE ARTERIES FROM THE VEINS

A

ARTERIES
AORTA
SEPARATES

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13
Q

THE SUPERIOR VENA CAVA SPLITS INTO THE …………………………….. VEINS. THE LEFT BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEIN CROSSES THE ………… OF THE AORTA TO CROSS THE BODY. THE BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEINS SPLIT INTO …………………………… , EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL …………………… VEINS.

A

BRACHIOCEPHALIC
ARCH
SUBCLAVIAN
JUGULAR

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14
Q

WHAT DOES THE DUCTUS ARTERIOSUM BECOME

A

LIGAMENTUM ARTERIOSUM

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15
Q

WHAT DOES THE DUCTUS VENOSUM BECOME

A

LIGAMENTUM VENOSUM

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16
Q

WHAT DOES THE FORMAMEN OVALE

A

FOSSA OVALIS

17
Q

WHAT IS THE CORONARY SINUS

A

COLLECTION OF VENOUS VESSELS MERGING TO FORM A LARGE VESSEL THAT OPENS INTO THE RIGHT ATRIUM

18
Q

WHAT ARE THE PAPILLARY MUSCLES

A

THEY CONTRACT TO MAKE SURE THE ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES ARE CLOSED
THE ARE IN THE WALLS OF THE VENTRICLES ATTACHED TO THE CHORDAE TENDINAE

19
Q

WHAT IS A MODERATOR BAND

A

A LARGE BAND THAT CARRIES ELECTRICAL SIGNALS

20
Q

WHAT ARE TRABECULAE CARNAE

A

MUSCULAR ELEVATIONS THAT FORM THE INNER SURFACE OF THE VENTRICLES

21
Q

WHAT ARE CHORDAE TENDINAE

A

THE ‘HEART STRINGS’ THAT HOLD THE AV VALES IN PLACE

22
Q

WHAT ARE PECTINATE MUSCLES

A

THE MUSCULAR TEXTURED RIDGES LINING THE ATRIA

23
Q

WHAT IS CRISTAE TERMINALIS

A

THE SMOOTH SURFACE OF THICK MUSCLE IN THE ATRIA

24
Q

WHAT BRANCHES DOES THE RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY SPLIT INTO

A

RIGHT MARGINAL

POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR

25
Q

WHAT BRANCHES DOES THE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY BRANCH INTO

A

LEFT CIRCUMFLEX

ANTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR

26
Q

WHAT IS RIGHT DOMINANCE

A

THE ARTERY SUPPLYING THE POSTERIOR OF THE HEART COMES FROM A BRANCH OF THE RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY

27
Q

WHAT IS LEFT DOMINANCE

A

THE ARTERY SUPPLYING THE POSTERIOR OF THE HEART COMES FROM A BRANCH OF THE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY

28
Q

WHAT IS THE DANGER OF LEFT DOMINANCE

A

IF THE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY AND ITS BRANCHES ARE SUPPLYING THE MADE BLOODY SUPPLY FOR BOTH ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR SIDES THEN A BLOCKAGE WOULD AFFECT A GREATER PORTION OF THE HEART WOULD BE AFFECTED IF THERE WAS A BLOCKAGE

29
Q

THE BASE OF THE HEART IS FORMED MAINLY BY THE

A

LEFT ATRIUM

30
Q

THE APEX OF THE HEART IS FORMED MAINLY BY THE

A

LEFT VENTRICLE

31
Q

WHAT ARE AORTIC SINUSES

A

SMALL OPENINGS FOUND BEHIND THE FLAPS OF THE AORTIC VALVE

32
Q

WHAT ARE THE FIVE TRIBUTARIES THAT DRAIN INTO THE CORONARY SINUS

A 
THE GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN
LEFT MARGINAL VEIN
LEFT POSTERIOR VENTRICULAR VEIN
MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN
33
Q

WHERE IS THE CORONARY SINUS LOCATED

A

ALONG THE POSTERIOR CORONARY SULCUS

34
Q

THE SINOATRIAL NODE IS LOCATED WHERE

A

IN THE UPPER WALL OF THE RIGHT ATRIUM NEAR THE OPENING OF THE CORONARY SINUS

35
Q

THE ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE IS LOCATED WHERE

A

IN THE ATRIOVENTRICULAR SEPTUM

BMS246 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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