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BMS246 ANATOMY > THE ABDOMINAL WALL AND INTESTINES > Flashcards

THE ABDOMINAL WALL AND INTESTINES Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE REGIONS OF THE ABDOMEN

A
  1. RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC
  2. RIGHT LUMBAR
  3. RIGHT ILIAC
  4. EPIGASTRIC REGION
  5. UMBILICAL REGION
    6 HYPOGASTRIC REGION
  6. LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC
  7. LEFT LUMBAR
  8. LEFT ILIAC
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2
Q

LATERALLY THE WALL OF THE ABDOMEN IS COMPOSED OF HOW MANY LAYERS

A

3

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE LATERAL WALLS OF THE ABDOMEN MADE UP OF

A

INTERNAL OBLIQUES
EXTERNAL OBLIQUES
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

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4
Q

WHAT MAKES UP THE ANTERIOR ASPECT OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL

A

THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS

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5
Q

THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED LATERALLY BY WHICH ARTERIES

A

THE LUMBAR ARTERIES

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6
Q

THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED ANTERIORLY BY WHICH ARTERIES

A

SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES

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7
Q

FROM WHICH VESSELS DO THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES ORIGINATE

A

SUPERIOR - INTERNAL THORACIC

INFERIOR - EXTERNAL ILIAC

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8
Q

THE MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL ………………….. THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA AND ……………………….. THE PRESSURE WITHIN THE …………………………… CAVITY. THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR RESPIRATION, ………………………, SNEEZING, MICTURITION, DEFACATION, CHILDBIRTH AND LIFTING HEAVY OBJECTS

A

SUPPORT
REGULATE
PERITEONEAL
COUGHING

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9
Q

WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE ORIGINATE

A

RIBS 5 -12

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10
Q

WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE INSERT

A

ILIAC CREST AND PUBIC TUBERCLE

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

CONTRALATERAL ROTATION

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12
Q

WHAT INNERVATES THE INTERNAL,EXTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS AS WELL AS RECTUS ABDOMINUS

A

THORACOABDOMINAL NERVES T7-11

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13
Q

WHAT FUNCTINO DOES THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE HAVE

A

IPSILATERAL ROTATION

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14
Q

WHAT IS THE RECTUS SHEATH FORMED BY

A

THE APONEUROSIS OF THE OBLIQUES AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS ENCLOSING AROUND THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS.

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15
Q

THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH CONSISTS OF

A

THE EXTERNAL AND HALF OF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES

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16
Q

THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH IS FORMED OF

A

BY THE APONEUROSIS OF HALF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS

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17
Q

BETWEEN THE UMBILICUS AND THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS BECOMES ONLY ……………………… WALL. THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS IS IN CONTACT WITH THE TRANSVERSALIS …………………
THE EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES LIE BETWEEN THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS AND THE ……………………… SHEATH.

A

ANTERIOR
FASCIA
POSTERIOR

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18
Q

THE LINEA ALBEA IS FORMED OF WHAT

A

WHERE THE APONEUROSES MEET

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19
Q

ON THE ANTERIOR OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS WHAT ARE THE BELLIES OF MUSCLE SEPARATED BY

A

TENDINOUS INTERSEACTIONS

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20
Q

WHERE DOES THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS ORIGINATE AND INSERT

A

ORIGIN: CREST OF PUBIS
INSERT: XIPHOIDS AND COSTAL CART. 5 - 7

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21
Q

THE OESOPHAGUS ……………….. THE DIAPHRAGM AT THE MIDLINE AND OPENS ALMOST IMMEDIATELY INTO THE ……………………. WHICH IS LARGELY PROTECTED BY THE ………………………………
THIS IS FOLLOWED BY THE DUODENUM THAT FORMS A ………… SHAPED LOOP TIWARDS THE UPPER ……………… HAND SIDE OF THE ABDOMEN

A 
PENETRATES
STOMACH
RIBCAGE
C
LEFT
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22
Q

THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM RUN IN A MESENTRY FROM TOP ……………….. TO BOTTOM ……………….. OF THE ABDOMEN.

A

LEFT

RIGHT

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23
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY THE GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACT

A

COELIAC
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
INFERIOR MESENTERIC

24
Q

WHAT DOES THE COELIAC ARTERY SUPPLY

A

OESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
FIRST PART OF DUODENUM

25
WHAT DOES THE SMA SUPPLY
``` THE REST OF THE DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILIUM CAECUM ASC. COLON MOST OF TRANSVERSE COLON ```
26
WHAT DOES THE IMA SUPPLY
THE REST OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON DESCENDING COLON SIGMOID COLON RECTUM
27
WHAT IS A HERNIA
PROTRUSION OF TISSUE THROUGH A DEFECT IN HTE WALL IN WHICH IS IT NORMALLY CONTAINED
28
WHAT IS THE PERITONEUM
CONSISTS OF TWO CONTINUOUS LAYERS; PARIETAL AND VISCERAL PERITONEUM WHICH LINES THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND COVERS THE VISCERA
29
WHAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT PAIN AND THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA
PAIN IS POORLY LOCALISED | REFERS INTO SKIN DERMATOMES
30
WHAT IS AN INTRAPERITONEAL ORGAN
ORGANS ENVELOPED BY PERIOTONEUM WHICH COVERS THE ORGAN BOTH ANTERIORLY AND POSTERIORLY
31
WHAT IS A RETROPERITONEAL ORGAN
ORGANS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH THE VISCERAL PERIOTONEUM AND ARE COVERED ONLY BY PARIETAL PERIOTONEUM ANTERIORLY
32
WHAT IS PRIMARILY RETROPERITONEAL
STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED AND REMAINED OUTSIDE OF THE PERITONEUM
33
WHAT IS SECONDARILY RETROPERITONEAL
STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED INSIDE THE PERITONEUM BUT THEN EXITED THE MESENTERY
34
WHICH ABDOMINAL VISCERA ARE RETROPERITONEAL
``` SUPRA ADRENAL GLANDS AORTA DUODENUM PANCREAS URETERS COLON (ASC/DES) KIDNEYS ESOPHAGUS RECTUM ```
35
PAIN IN RETROPERITONEAL STRUCTURES OFTEN PRESENTS AS WHAT
BACK PAIN
36
WHAT IS THE NAME FOR A DOUBLE LAYER OF PERITONEUM
MESENTRY
37
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF MESENTRY
IT CONNECTS THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA TO THE ABDOMINAL WALL PROVIDING A PATHWAY FOR BLOOD NERVES AND LYMPHATICS TO THE VISCERA
38
WHAT IS OMENTUM
A DOUBLE FOLD OF MESENTRY THAT EXTEND OVER PERINTONEAL ORGANS
39
WHAT IS GREATER OMENTUM
4 LAYERS OF VISCERAL PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH AND PROXIMAL DUODENUM
40
WHAT IS LESSER OMENTUM
DOUBLE FOLD OF PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE LESS CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH
41
LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE JEJUNUM
FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE UPPER LEFT QUADRANT | BLOOD SUPPLY HAS LONGER VASA RECTA AND LESS ARCADES
42
LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE ILEUM
FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT | BLOOD SUPPLY HAS SHORTER VASA RECTA AND MORE ARCADES
43
WHAT IS THE CAECUM
THE FIRST PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE WITH IS CONTAINED WITH IN THE PERITONEUM IT IS SEPARATED FROM THE ILEUM BY THE ILIOCAECAL VALVE
44
IN A LIVE STATE, THE JEJUNUM MAY APPEAR ................. THAT THE ILEUM DUE TO RICHER ........................ SUPPLY, THIS MAY PERSIST IN THE CADAVER. THE LINING OF THE ............................ IS OFTEN MORE TIGHTLY FOLDED INTO STRUCTURES CALLED ........................... ..........................., WHEREAS THERE IS MORE LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE WALL OF THE ........................, PARTICULARLY TOWARDS THE DISTAL END. THE LARGE PATCHES OF LYMPHOID TISSUE THAT CAN ....................... THE ILEUM FROM THE JEJUNUM ARE CALLED ............................ PATCHES
``` PINKER BLOOD JEJUNUM PLICAE CIRCULARES ILEUM PEYERS ```
45
THE LARGE INTESTINE BEGINS AS THE CAECUM IN THE
RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA
46
WHAT IS AN APPENDIX
A BLIND ENDED TUBE CONNECTED TO THE CAECUM, IS AN EVOLUTIONARY REMNANT
47
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT ARE INTRAPERITONEAL
CAECUM TRANSVERSE COLON SIGMOID COLON
48
WHAT ARE THE THREE FEATURES THAT DISTINGUISH THE LARGE INTESTINE FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
APPENDICES EPIPLOICA TAENIA COLI HAUSTRATIONS
49
WHAT ARE APPENDICES EPIPLOICA
FATTY TAGS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
50
WHAT ARE TAENIA COLI
OUTER LAYER OF SMOOTH MUSCLE IN 3 LONGITUDINAL BANDS
51
WHAT ARE HAUSTRATIONS
THE LARGE INTESTINE IS COMPRESSED LONGITUDINALLY AS A RESULT OF THE TAENIA COLI GIVING RISE TO REPEATED BULGES
52
WHAT IS THE ASC COLON SUPPLIED BY
SUPPLIED BY BRANCHES OF THE SMA ILEOCOLIC RIGHT COLIC
53
WHAT IS THE TRANSVERSE COLON SUPPLIED BY
2/3 SMA THEREFORE RIGHT COLIC AND MIDDLE COLIC AND 1/3 IMA LEFT COLIC
54
WHAT IS THE DESCENDING COLON SUPPLIED BY
BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS LEFT COLIC
55
WHAT IS THE SIGMOIDAL COLON SUPPLIED BY
BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS SIGMOIDAL ARTERIES
56
WHAT IS MECKELS DIVERTICULUM
IT IS AN OUTBULGING OF PART OF THE LOWER SMALL INTESTINE, AN EMBRYOLOGICAL REMNANT OF THE VITELLINE DUCT

BMS246 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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