THE ABDOMINAL WALL AND INTESTINES Flashcards
WHAT ARE THE REGIONS OF THE ABDOMEN
- RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC
- RIGHT LUMBAR
- RIGHT ILIAC
- EPIGASTRIC REGION
- UMBILICAL REGION
6 HYPOGASTRIC REGION - LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC
- LEFT LUMBAR
- LEFT ILIAC
LATERALLY THE WALL OF THE ABDOMEN IS COMPOSED OF HOW MANY LAYERS
3
WHAT ARE THE LATERAL WALLS OF THE ABDOMEN MADE UP OF
INTERNAL OBLIQUES
EXTERNAL OBLIQUES
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
WHAT MAKES UP THE ANTERIOR ASPECT OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS
THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED LATERALLY BY WHICH ARTERIES
THE LUMBAR ARTERIES
THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED ANTERIORLY BY WHICH ARTERIES
SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES
FROM WHICH VESSELS DO THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES ORIGINATE
SUPERIOR - INTERNAL THORACIC
INFERIOR - EXTERNAL ILIAC
THE MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL ………………….. THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA AND ……………………….. THE PRESSURE WITHIN THE …………………………… CAVITY. THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR RESPIRATION, ………………………, SNEEZING, MICTURITION, DEFACATION, CHILDBIRTH AND LIFTING HEAVY OBJECTS
SUPPORT
REGULATE
PERITEONEAL
COUGHING
WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE ORIGINATE
RIBS 5 -12
WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE INSERT
ILIAC CREST AND PUBIC TUBERCLE
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
CONTRALATERAL ROTATION
WHAT INNERVATES THE INTERNAL,EXTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS AS WELL AS RECTUS ABDOMINUS
THORACOABDOMINAL NERVES T7-11
WHAT FUNCTINO DOES THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE HAVE
IPSILATERAL ROTATION
WHAT IS THE RECTUS SHEATH FORMED BY
THE APONEUROSIS OF THE OBLIQUES AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS ENCLOSING AROUND THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS.
THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH CONSISTS OF
THE EXTERNAL AND HALF OF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES
THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH IS FORMED OF
BY THE APONEUROSIS OF HALF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS
BETWEEN THE UMBILICUS AND THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS BECOMES ONLY ……………………… WALL. THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS IS IN CONTACT WITH THE TRANSVERSALIS …………………
THE EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES LIE BETWEEN THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS AND THE ……………………… SHEATH.
ANTERIOR
FASCIA
POSTERIOR
THE LINEA ALBEA IS FORMED OF WHAT
WHERE THE APONEUROSES MEET
ON THE ANTERIOR OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS WHAT ARE THE BELLIES OF MUSCLE SEPARATED BY
TENDINOUS INTERSEACTIONS
WHERE DOES THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS ORIGINATE AND INSERT
ORIGIN: CREST OF PUBIS
INSERT: XIPHOIDS AND COSTAL CART. 5 - 7
THE OESOPHAGUS ……………….. THE DIAPHRAGM AT THE MIDLINE AND OPENS ALMOST IMMEDIATELY INTO THE ……………………. WHICH IS LARGELY PROTECTED BY THE ………………………………
THIS IS FOLLOWED BY THE DUODENUM THAT FORMS A ………… SHAPED LOOP TIWARDS THE UPPER ……………… HAND SIDE OF THE ABDOMEN
PENETRATES STOMACH RIBCAGE C LEFT
THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM RUN IN A MESENTRY FROM TOP ……………….. TO BOTTOM ……………….. OF THE ABDOMEN.
LEFT
RIGHT
WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY THE GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACT
COELIAC
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
INFERIOR MESENTERIC
WHAT DOES THE COELIAC ARTERY SUPPLY
OESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
FIRST PART OF DUODENUM
WHAT DOES THE SMA SUPPLY
THE REST OF THE DUODENUM JEJUNUM ILIUM CAECUM ASC. COLON MOST OF TRANSVERSE COLON
WHAT DOES THE IMA SUPPLY
THE REST OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON
DESCENDING COLON
SIGMOID COLON
RECTUM
WHAT IS A HERNIA
PROTRUSION OF TISSUE THROUGH A DEFECT IN HTE WALL IN WHICH IS IT NORMALLY CONTAINED
WHAT IS THE PERITONEUM
CONSISTS OF TWO CONTINUOUS LAYERS; PARIETAL AND VISCERAL PERITONEUM WHICH LINES THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND COVERS THE VISCERA
WHAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT PAIN AND THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA
PAIN IS POORLY LOCALISED
REFERS INTO SKIN DERMATOMES
WHAT IS AN INTRAPERITONEAL ORGAN
ORGANS ENVELOPED BY PERIOTONEUM WHICH COVERS THE ORGAN BOTH ANTERIORLY AND POSTERIORLY
WHAT IS A RETROPERITONEAL ORGAN
ORGANS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH THE VISCERAL PERIOTONEUM AND ARE COVERED ONLY BY PARIETAL PERIOTONEUM ANTERIORLY
WHAT IS PRIMARILY RETROPERITONEAL
STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED AND REMAINED OUTSIDE OF THE PERITONEUM
WHAT IS SECONDARILY RETROPERITONEAL
STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED INSIDE THE PERITONEUM BUT THEN EXITED THE MESENTERY
WHICH ABDOMINAL VISCERA ARE RETROPERITONEAL
SUPRA ADRENAL GLANDS AORTA DUODENUM PANCREAS URETERS COLON (ASC/DES) KIDNEYS ESOPHAGUS RECTUM
PAIN IN RETROPERITONEAL STRUCTURES OFTEN PRESENTS AS WHAT
BACK PAIN
WHAT IS THE NAME FOR A DOUBLE LAYER OF PERITONEUM
MESENTRY
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF MESENTRY
IT CONNECTS THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA TO THE ABDOMINAL WALL PROVIDING A PATHWAY FOR BLOOD NERVES AND LYMPHATICS TO THE VISCERA
WHAT IS OMENTUM
A DOUBLE FOLD OF MESENTRY THAT EXTEND OVER PERINTONEAL ORGANS
WHAT IS GREATER OMENTUM
4 LAYERS OF VISCERAL PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH AND PROXIMAL DUODENUM
WHAT IS LESSER OMENTUM
DOUBLE FOLD OF PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE LESS CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH
LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE JEJUNUM
FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE UPPER LEFT QUADRANT
BLOOD SUPPLY HAS LONGER VASA RECTA AND LESS ARCADES
LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE ILEUM
FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT
BLOOD SUPPLY HAS SHORTER VASA RECTA AND MORE ARCADES
WHAT IS THE CAECUM
THE FIRST PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE WITH IS CONTAINED WITH IN THE PERITONEUM
IT IS SEPARATED FROM THE ILEUM BY THE ILIOCAECAL VALVE
IN A LIVE STATE, THE JEJUNUM MAY APPEAR …………….. THAT THE ILEUM DUE TO RICHER …………………… SUPPLY, THIS MAY PERSIST IN THE CADAVER. THE LINING OF THE ………………………. IS OFTEN MORE TIGHTLY FOLDED INTO STRUCTURES CALLED ……………………… ………………………, WHEREAS THERE IS MORE LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE WALL OF THE ……………………, PARTICULARLY TOWARDS THE DISTAL END. THE LARGE PATCHES OF LYMPHOID TISSUE THAT CAN ………………….. THE ILEUM FROM THE JEJUNUM ARE CALLED ………………………. PATCHES
PINKER BLOOD JEJUNUM PLICAE CIRCULARES ILEUM PEYERS
THE LARGE INTESTINE BEGINS AS THE CAECUM IN THE
RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA
WHAT IS AN APPENDIX
A BLIND ENDED TUBE CONNECTED TO THE CAECUM, IS AN EVOLUTIONARY REMNANT
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT ARE INTRAPERITONEAL
CAECUM
TRANSVERSE COLON
SIGMOID COLON
WHAT ARE THE THREE FEATURES THAT DISTINGUISH THE LARGE INTESTINE FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
APPENDICES EPIPLOICA
TAENIA COLI
HAUSTRATIONS
WHAT ARE APPENDICES EPIPLOICA
FATTY TAGS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
WHAT ARE TAENIA COLI
OUTER LAYER OF SMOOTH MUSCLE IN 3 LONGITUDINAL BANDS
WHAT ARE HAUSTRATIONS
THE LARGE INTESTINE IS COMPRESSED LONGITUDINALLY AS A RESULT OF THE TAENIA COLI GIVING RISE TO REPEATED BULGES
WHAT IS THE ASC COLON SUPPLIED BY
SUPPLIED BY BRANCHES OF THE SMA
ILEOCOLIC
RIGHT COLIC
WHAT IS THE TRANSVERSE COLON SUPPLIED BY
2/3 SMA THEREFORE RIGHT COLIC AND MIDDLE COLIC
AND 1/3 IMA
LEFT COLIC
WHAT IS THE DESCENDING COLON SUPPLIED BY
BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS LEFT COLIC
WHAT IS THE SIGMOIDAL COLON SUPPLIED BY
BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS SIGMOIDAL ARTERIES
WHAT IS MECKELS DIVERTICULUM
IT IS AN OUTBULGING OF PART OF THE LOWER SMALL INTESTINE, AN EMBRYOLOGICAL REMNANT OF THE VITELLINE DUCT