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THE ABDOMINAL WALL AND INTESTINES Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE REGIONS OF THE ABDOMEN

A
  1. RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC
  2. RIGHT LUMBAR
  3. RIGHT ILIAC
  4. EPIGASTRIC REGION
  5. UMBILICAL REGION
    6 HYPOGASTRIC REGION
  6. LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC
  7. LEFT LUMBAR
  8. LEFT ILIAC
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2
Q

LATERALLY THE WALL OF THE ABDOMEN IS COMPOSED OF HOW MANY LAYERS

A

3

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE LATERAL WALLS OF THE ABDOMEN MADE UP OF

A

INTERNAL OBLIQUES
EXTERNAL OBLIQUES
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

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4
Q

WHAT MAKES UP THE ANTERIOR ASPECT OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL

A

THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS

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5
Q

THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED LATERALLY BY WHICH ARTERIES

A

THE LUMBAR ARTERIES

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6
Q

THE ABDOMINAL WALL IS SUPPLIED ANTERIORLY BY WHICH ARTERIES

A

SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES

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7
Q

FROM WHICH VESSELS DO THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES ORIGINATE

A

SUPERIOR - INTERNAL THORACIC

INFERIOR - EXTERNAL ILIAC

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8
Q

THE MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL ………………….. THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA AND ……………………….. THE PRESSURE WITHIN THE …………………………… CAVITY. THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR RESPIRATION, ………………………, SNEEZING, MICTURITION, DEFACATION, CHILDBIRTH AND LIFTING HEAVY OBJECTS

A

SUPPORT
REGULATE
PERITEONEAL
COUGHING

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9
Q

WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE ORIGINATE

A

RIBS 5 -12

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10
Q

WHERE DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE INSERT

A

ILIAC CREST AND PUBIC TUBERCLE

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

CONTRALATERAL ROTATION

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12
Q

WHAT INNERVATES THE INTERNAL,EXTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS AS WELL AS RECTUS ABDOMINUS

A

THORACOABDOMINAL NERVES T7-11

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13
Q

WHAT FUNCTINO DOES THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE HAVE

A

IPSILATERAL ROTATION

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14
Q

WHAT IS THE RECTUS SHEATH FORMED BY

A

THE APONEUROSIS OF THE OBLIQUES AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS ENCLOSING AROUND THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS.

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15
Q

THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH CONSISTS OF

A

THE EXTERNAL AND HALF OF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES

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16
Q

THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH IS FORMED OF

A

BY THE APONEUROSIS OF HALF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUES AND THE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS

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17
Q

BETWEEN THE UMBILICUS AND THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS BECOMES ONLY ……………………… WALL. THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS IS IN CONTACT WITH THE TRANSVERSALIS …………………
THE EPIGASTRIC ARTERIES LIE BETWEEN THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS AND THE ……………………… SHEATH.

A

ANTERIOR
FASCIA
POSTERIOR

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18
Q

THE LINEA ALBEA IS FORMED OF WHAT

A

WHERE THE APONEUROSES MEET

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19
Q

ON THE ANTERIOR OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS WHAT ARE THE BELLIES OF MUSCLE SEPARATED BY

A

TENDINOUS INTERSEACTIONS

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20
Q

WHERE DOES THE RECTUS ABDOMINUS ORIGINATE AND INSERT

A

ORIGIN: CREST OF PUBIS
INSERT: XIPHOIDS AND COSTAL CART. 5 - 7

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21
Q

THE OESOPHAGUS ……………….. THE DIAPHRAGM AT THE MIDLINE AND OPENS ALMOST IMMEDIATELY INTO THE ……………………. WHICH IS LARGELY PROTECTED BY THE ………………………………
THIS IS FOLLOWED BY THE DUODENUM THAT FORMS A ………… SHAPED LOOP TIWARDS THE UPPER ……………… HAND SIDE OF THE ABDOMEN

A 
PENETRATES
STOMACH
RIBCAGE
C
LEFT
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22
Q

THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM RUN IN A MESENTRY FROM TOP ……………….. TO BOTTOM ……………….. OF THE ABDOMEN.

A

LEFT

RIGHT

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23
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY THE GASTRO INTESTINAL TRACT

A

COELIAC
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC
INFERIOR MESENTERIC

24
Q

WHAT DOES THE COELIAC ARTERY SUPPLY

A

OESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
FIRST PART OF DUODENUM

25
Q

WHAT DOES THE SMA SUPPLY

A 
THE REST OF THE DUODENUM
JEJUNUM
ILIUM
CAECUM
ASC. COLON
MOST OF TRANSVERSE COLON
26
Q

WHAT DOES THE IMA SUPPLY

A

THE REST OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON
DESCENDING COLON
SIGMOID COLON
RECTUM

27
Q

WHAT IS A HERNIA

A

PROTRUSION OF TISSUE THROUGH A DEFECT IN HTE WALL IN WHICH IS IT NORMALLY CONTAINED

28
Q

WHAT IS THE PERITONEUM

A

CONSISTS OF TWO CONTINUOUS LAYERS; PARIETAL AND VISCERAL PERITONEUM WHICH LINES THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND COVERS THE VISCERA

29
Q

WHAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT PAIN AND THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA

A

PAIN IS POORLY LOCALISED

REFERS INTO SKIN DERMATOMES

30
Q

WHAT IS AN INTRAPERITONEAL ORGAN

A

ORGANS ENVELOPED BY PERIOTONEUM WHICH COVERS THE ORGAN BOTH ANTERIORLY AND POSTERIORLY

31
Q

WHAT IS A RETROPERITONEAL ORGAN

A

ORGANS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH THE VISCERAL PERIOTONEUM AND ARE COVERED ONLY BY PARIETAL PERIOTONEUM ANTERIORLY

32
Q

WHAT IS PRIMARILY RETROPERITONEAL

A

STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED AND REMAINED OUTSIDE OF THE PERITONEUM

33
Q

WHAT IS SECONDARILY RETROPERITONEAL

A

STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOPED INSIDE THE PERITONEUM BUT THEN EXITED THE MESENTERY

34
Q

WHICH ABDOMINAL VISCERA ARE RETROPERITONEAL

A 
SUPRA ADRENAL GLANDS
AORTA
DUODENUM
PANCREAS
URETERS
COLON (ASC/DES)
KIDNEYS
ESOPHAGUS
RECTUM
35
Q

PAIN IN RETROPERITONEAL STRUCTURES OFTEN PRESENTS AS WHAT

36
Q

WHAT IS THE NAME FOR A DOUBLE LAYER OF PERITONEUM

37
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF MESENTRY

A

IT CONNECTS THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA TO THE ABDOMINAL WALL PROVIDING A PATHWAY FOR BLOOD NERVES AND LYMPHATICS TO THE VISCERA

38
Q

WHAT IS OMENTUM

A

A DOUBLE FOLD OF MESENTRY THAT EXTEND OVER PERINTONEAL ORGANS

39
Q

WHAT IS GREATER OMENTUM

A

4 LAYERS OF VISCERAL PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH AND PROXIMAL DUODENUM

40
Q

WHAT IS LESSER OMENTUM

A

DOUBLE FOLD OF PERITONEUM THAT EXTENDS FROM THE LESS CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH

41
Q

LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE JEJUNUM

A

FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE UPPER LEFT QUADRANT

BLOOD SUPPLY HAS LONGER VASA RECTA AND LESS ARCADES

42
Q

LOOKING DOWN AT A CADAVER WHAT ARE THE MORE DEFINING FEATURES OF THE ILEUM

A

FOUND MORE TOWARDS THE LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT

BLOOD SUPPLY HAS SHORTER VASA RECTA AND MORE ARCADES

43
Q

WHAT IS THE CAECUM

A

THE FIRST PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE WITH IS CONTAINED WITH IN THE PERITONEUM
IT IS SEPARATED FROM THE ILEUM BY THE ILIOCAECAL VALVE

44
Q

IN A LIVE STATE, THE JEJUNUM MAY APPEAR …………….. THAT THE ILEUM DUE TO RICHER …………………… SUPPLY, THIS MAY PERSIST IN THE CADAVER. THE LINING OF THE ………………………. IS OFTEN MORE TIGHTLY FOLDED INTO STRUCTURES CALLED ……………………… ………………………, WHEREAS THERE IS MORE LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE WALL OF THE ……………………, PARTICULARLY TOWARDS THE DISTAL END. THE LARGE PATCHES OF LYMPHOID TISSUE THAT CAN ………………….. THE ILEUM FROM THE JEJUNUM ARE CALLED ………………………. PATCHES

A 
PINKER
BLOOD
JEJUNUM
PLICAE CIRCULARES
ILEUM
PEYERS
45
Q

THE LARGE INTESTINE BEGINS AS THE CAECUM IN THE

A

RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA

46
Q

WHAT IS AN APPENDIX

A

A BLIND ENDED TUBE CONNECTED TO THE CAECUM, IS AN EVOLUTIONARY REMNANT

47
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT ARE INTRAPERITONEAL

A

CAECUM
TRANSVERSE COLON
SIGMOID COLON

48
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE FEATURES THAT DISTINGUISH THE LARGE INTESTINE FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE

A

APPENDICES EPIPLOICA
TAENIA COLI
HAUSTRATIONS

49
Q

WHAT ARE APPENDICES EPIPLOICA

A

FATTY TAGS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE

50
Q

WHAT ARE TAENIA COLI

A

OUTER LAYER OF SMOOTH MUSCLE IN 3 LONGITUDINAL BANDS

51
Q

WHAT ARE HAUSTRATIONS

A

THE LARGE INTESTINE IS COMPRESSED LONGITUDINALLY AS A RESULT OF THE TAENIA COLI GIVING RISE TO REPEATED BULGES

52
Q

WHAT IS THE ASC COLON SUPPLIED BY

A

SUPPLIED BY BRANCHES OF THE SMA
ILEOCOLIC
RIGHT COLIC

53
Q

WHAT IS THE TRANSVERSE COLON SUPPLIED BY

A

2/3 SMA THEREFORE RIGHT COLIC AND MIDDLE COLIC
AND 1/3 IMA
LEFT COLIC

54
Q

WHAT IS THE DESCENDING COLON SUPPLIED BY

A

BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS LEFT COLIC

55
Q

WHAT IS THE SIGMOIDAL COLON SUPPLIED BY

A

BRANCHES OF THE IMA SUCH AS SIGMOIDAL ARTERIES

56
Q

WHAT IS MECKELS DIVERTICULUM

A

IT IS AN OUTBULGING OF PART OF THE LOWER SMALL INTESTINE, AN EMBRYOLOGICAL REMNANT OF THE VITELLINE DUCT

BMS246 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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