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BMS246 ANATOMY > KIDNEYS, BLADDER AND MALE AND FEMALE PELVIS > Flashcards

KIDNEYS, BLADDER AND MALE AND FEMALE PELVIS Flashcards

1
Q

THE KIDNEYS LIE ON THE …………………….ABDOMINAL WALL EITHER SIDE OF THE …………………… COLUMN PROTECTED BY FAT. THE ………………………………. LUMBORUM MUSCLE, THE DIAPHRAGM AND RIBS 11 AND …………… ARE OTHER IMPORTANT POSTERIOR RELATIONS. THE URETERS RUN DOWN THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL TO ENTER THE ………………. WHERE THEY DRAIN INTO THE ……………………..
THE SUPRAADRENAL GLANDS LIE CLOSE TO THE SUPEROMEDIAL BORDERS OF THE ……………………. WITHIN THE SAME ……………………………… TISSUE CAPSULE.

A 
POSTERIOR
SPINAL
QUADRATUS
12
PELVIS
KIDNEYS
CONNECTIVE
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2
Q

THE KIDNEYS RECIEVE ABOUT 25% OF THE CARDIAC OUTPUT NORMALL VIA A SINGLE PAIR OF ARTERIES, WHICH ARTERIES

A

RENAL ARTERIES

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3
Q

AT WHAT LEVEL ARE THE RENAL ARTERIES

A

L1-L2

THE RENAL ARTERIES COME OFF CLOSE UNDER THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY

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4
Q

WHAT IS THE INGUINAL CANAL IS A TUNNEL THROUGH THE ABDOMINAL WALL JUST ABOVE THE INGUINAL LIGAMENT. WHAT DOES IT CONTAIN IN THE MALE

A

SPERMATIC CORD

ILEOINGUINAL NERVE

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5
Q

IN MALES, WHAT IS CONTAINED WITHIN THE SPERMATIC CORD

A 
TESTICULAR ARTERY
CREMASTERIC ARTERY
ARTERY TO THE VAS DEFERENS
VAS DEFERENS
PANPINIFORM PLEXUS
LYMPHATICS
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6
Q

WHAT IS THE EQUIVALENT OF THE SPERMATIC CORD IN FEMALES

A

ROUND LIGAMENT

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7
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE INGUINAL CANAL

A

DEVELOPMENTALLY, IT IS THE PATHWAY THROUGH WHICH TESTES LEAVE THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND ENTER THE SCROTUM

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8
Q

WHERE ARE THE ATTACHMENTS OF THE INGUINAL CANAL

A

ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINE

PUBIC TUBERCLE

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9
Q

WHICH LAYERS DOES THE TESTES SIT BETWEEN

A

BETWEEN THE PERITONEUM AND THE TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA

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10
Q

WHAT ARE THE LAYERS INVOLVED IN THE DROPPING OF THE TESTES

A 
PERITONEUM
TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
INTERNAL OBLIQUE
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
SCARAPA'S FASCIA
SKIN
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11
Q

WHAT DOES THE PERITONEUM BECOME IN THE DESCENT OF THE TESTES

A

TUNICA VAGINALIS

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12
Q

WHAT DOES THE TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA BECOME IN THE DESCENT OF THE TESTES

A

INTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA

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13
Q

WHAT DOES THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE BECOME IN THE DESCENT OF THE TESTE

A

CREMASTER MUSCLE

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14
Q

WHAT DOES THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE BECOME IN THE DESCENT OF THE TESTES

A

THE EXTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA

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15
Q

WHAT ARE THE LAYERS SURROUNDING THE TESTES AFTER DESCENT

A

TUNICA VAGINALIS
INTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA
CREMASTER MUSCLE
EXTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA

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16
Q

WHAT IS THE ONLY LAYER THAT DOES NOT GET DRAGGED THROUGH THE ABDOMINAL WALL DURING TESTICULAR DESCENT

A

TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS

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17
Q

THE TESTES ARE CONTAINED WITHIN THE …………….. SAC AND ARE SURROUNDED BY ……………………… DERIVED FROM THE …………………………… ABDOMINAL WALL. THEY ARE CONNECTED TO THE PELVIS VIA THE …………………………… CORDS. THESE CONTAIN ARTERIES, NERVES, VEINS AND THE …………. DEFERENS.

A 
SCROTAL
MEMBRANES
ANTERIOR
SPERMATIC
VAS
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18
Q

THE TESTES ………………………….. INTO THE SCROTUM DURING ………………………. AND DRAW WITH THEM THEIR BLOOD, ……………………. AND LYMPHATIC SUPPLIES FROM THE ………………………………. ABDOMINAL WALL.

A

DESCEND
DEVELOPMENT
NERVE
POSTERIOR

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19
Q

WHAT IS THE COVERING OF THE TESTES

A

TUNICA ALBUGINEA A FIBROUS SHEET THAT DIVIDES EACH TESTE INTO LOBULES

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20
Q

WHAT GUIDES THE TESTES IN THEIR DESCENT

A

GUBERNACULUM

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21
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE EPIDIDYMIS

A

TAIL
BODY
HEAD

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22
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EPIDIDYMIS

A

STORE/MATURATION OF SPERM

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23
Q

WHERE IS SEMEN MADE

A

IN THE SEMENIFEROUS TUBULES

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24
Q

HOW IS SEMEN TRANSPORTED FROM THE SEMENIFEROUS TUBULES TO THE EPIDIDYMIS

A

VIA THE RETE TESTES

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25
Q

WHAT DOES THE TAIL OF THE EPIDIDYMIS MARK THE ORIGIN OF

A

THE VAS DEFERENS

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26
Q

WHAT IS THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE TESTICLES

A

TESTICULAR ARTERIES

BUT ALSO FROM CREMASTERIC AND ARTERY OF THE VAS DEFERENS

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27
Q

WHERE DO THE TESTICULAR ARTERIES STEM FROM

A

DIRECTLY FROM THE ABDOMINAL AORTA

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28
Q

WHAT IS THE VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE TESTICLES

A

A NETWORK OF VEINS WRAPPED AROUND THE TESTICULAR ARTERY CALLED THE PANPINIFORM PLEXUS

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29
Q

WHEREABOUTS ON THE AORTA DO THE GONADAL ARTERIES ARISE FROM

A

UNDER THE RENAL ARTERIES

THE BRANCHES LOOK LIKE THEY FOLLOW THE SHAPE AND DIRECTION OF THE URETERS COMING FROM THE KIDNEYS

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30
Q

WHERE ARE THE KIDNEYS LOCATED

A

POSTERIOR ABDOMEN AROUND T12 - L3

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31
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS

A

FILTER AND ECRETE WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE BLOOD

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32
Q

WHY IS THE RIGHT KIDNEY USUALLY SITUATED A LITTLE LOWER

A

DUE TO PRESENCE OF THE LIVER

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33
Q

WHAT ARE THE KIDNEYS COVERED BY

A

COMPLEX LAYERS OF FASCIA AND FAT

34
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN AREAS OF THE INSIDES OF THE KIDNEYS

A

OUTER CORTEX

INNER MEDULLA

35
Q

HOW ARE THE KIDNEY CORTEX AND MEDULLA SEPARATED

A

THE CORTEX EXTENDS INTO THE MEDULLA DIVIDING INTO TRIANGULAR SHAPES - RENAL PYRAMIDS

36
Q

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE APEX OF A RENAL PYRAMID

A

RENAL PAPILLA

37
Q

WHAT IS EACH RENAL PAPILLA ASSOCIATED WITH

A

A MINOR CALYX

38
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE MINOR CALYX

A

COLLECT URINE FROM RENAL PYRAMIDS

39
Q

WHAT DO SEVERAL MINOR CALICES MERGE TO FORM

A

MAJOR CALYX

40
Q

WHEN URINE PASSES THROUGH THE MAJOR CALYX WHERE DOES IT FLOW NEXT

A

INTO THE RENAL PELVIS

41
Q

FROM THE RENAL PELVIS, URINE DRAINS WHERE

A

INTO THE URETERS

42
Q

WHERE DO VESSELS ENTER AND EXIT THE KIDNEY

A

THE RENAL HILUM

43
Q

WHAT IS THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO THE KIDNEYS

A

RENAL ARTERIES

44
Q

WHERE DOE THE RENAL ARTERIES ARISE

A

DIRECTLY FROM THE ABDOMINAL AORTA IMMEDIATELY DISTAL TO THE ORIGIN OF THE SMA

45
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN ROLES OF THE URINARY BLADDER

A

TEMPORARY STORAGE OF URINE

ASSISTANCE IN EXPULSION OF URINE

46
Q

HOW CAN THE APPEARANCE OF THE BLADDER CHANGE

A

VARIES DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT OF URINE STORED

FROM OVAL TO PYRAMIDAL

47
Q

WHAT ARE THE EXTERNAL FEATURES OF THE BLADDER

A

APEX
BODY
FUNDUS (BASE)
NECK

48
Q

WHAT IS THE SHAPE OF THE FUNDUS OF THE BLADDER

A

LOCATED POSTERIORLY AND IS TRIANGULAR SHAPED WITH THE TIP OF THE TRIANGLE POINTING BACKWARDS

49
Q

THE NECK OF THE BLADDER IS CONTINUOUS WITH WHAT

A

THE URETHRA

50
Q

WHAT ORIFICES MARK THE TRIGONE OF THE BLADDER

A

THE URETERS ENTERING THE BLADDER

THE URETHRA

51
Q

WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THE SURFACE OF THE TRIGONE IN COMPARISON TO THE REST OF THE INTERNAL BLADDER

A

THE TRIGONE HAS SMOOTH WALLS

52
Q

THE BLADDER WALL CONTAINS SPECIALISED WHAT

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

53
Q

WHAT SMOOTH MUSCLE MAKES UP THE BLADDER WALL

A

DETRUSOR MUSCLE

54
Q

WHAT DOES DETRUSOR MUSCLE ENABLE

A

FIBRES ARE ORIENTATED IN MULTIPLE DIRECTIONS SO CAN MAINTAIN STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY EVEN WHEN STRETCHED

55
Q

BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE BLADDER IS PRIMARILY DERIVED FROM WHAT

A

INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERIES

56
Q

THE UTERUS IS A THICK-WALLED ……………………. ORGAN CAPABLE OF EXPANSION TO ACCOMMODATE A GROWING ……………..
IT IS CONNECTED ……………….. TO THE VAGINA AND …………………….. TO THE UTERINE TUBES.

A

MUSCULAR
FETUS
DISTALLY
LATERALLY

57
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE UTERUS

A

FUNDUS
BODY
CERVIX

58
Q

WHAT IS THE CERVIX

A

LOWER PART OF THE UTERUS LINKING IT WITH THE VAGINA

59
Q

WHAT CAN MAKE THE ANATOMICAL LOCATION OF THE UTERUS CHANGE

A

THE DEGREE OF DISTENSION OF THE BLADDER

60
Q

IN A NORMAL ADULT UTERUS, HOW DO YOU DESCBRIBE THE NORMAL ANATOMICAL POSITION

A

ANTEREVERTED TOWARDS THE VAGINA

ANTEFLEXED IN RESPECT TO THE CERVIX

61
Q

WHAT ORGANS ARE IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE UTERUS

A

UTERUS IS POSTEROSUPERIOR TO THE BLADDER

UTERUS IS ANTEROR TO RECTUM

62
Q

THE FUNDUS AND BODY OF THE UTERUS ARE COMPOSED OF THREE TISSUES LAYERS. WHAT ARE THEY

A

PERITONEUM
MYOMETRIUM
ENDOMETRIUM

63
Q

WHAT PROVIDES THE PRIMARY SUPPORT FROM THE UTERUS

A

THE TONE OF THE PELVIC FLOOR

64
Q

WHAT PROVIDES FURTHER SUPPOT FOR KEEPING THE UTERUS IN PLACE

A

THE LIGAMENTS

65
Q

HOW MANY LIGAMENTS KEEP THE UTERUS IN PLACE

66
Q

WHAT ARE THE LIGAMENTS OF THE UTERUS

A 
BROAD LIGAMENT
SUSPENSORY
ROUND LIGAMENT
OVARIAN LIGAMENT
CARDINAL LIGAMENT
UTEROSACRAL LIGAMENT
67
Q

WHAT IS THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE UTERUS

A

UTERINE ARTERY (BRANCH OF INTERNAL ILIAC)

68
Q

WHAT CONNECTS THE OVARY WITH THE UTERINE TUBE

69
Q

IF NOTHING CONNECTS THE OVARY WITH THE UTERUS TUBE, HOW DOES THE OVA GET INTO THE TUBE

A

FIMRAE SWEEP THE OVA

70
Q

WHERE DOES THE ROUND LIGAMENT INSERT

A

TRAVERSES THE INGUINAL CANAL AND INSERTS INTO THE LABIA MAJORA

71
Q

WHAT ARE EMBRYOLOGICAL REMNANTS OF THE GUBERNACULUM

A

OVARIAN AND ROUND LIGAMENTS (CONSIDERED PART OF THE SAME COURSE_

72
Q

THE ………………………IS A CONTINUOUS LAYER DRAPING OVER THE VISCERA. WHERE THE PERITONEUM LAYS OVER THE OVARIAN …………………………BUNDLE, THIS FORMS THE ………………….LIGAMENT. POUCHES ARE ALSO FORMED TO SEPARATE THE BLADDER UTERUS AND RECTUM. THESE ARE THE ……………………………… POUCH AND THE …………………………………… POUCH

A 
PERITONEUM
NEUROVASCULAR
SUSPENSORY
UTEROVESICAL 
UTERORECTAL
73
Q

STRUCTURES IN THE PELVIS ARE THROUGHT TO ASSIST WITH MAINTAINING THE ANGLES OF ANTEVERSION AND RETROVERSION. WHAT ARE THEY

A

CARDINAL LIGAMENTS

UTEROSACRAL LIGAMENTS

74
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE PENIS

A

GLANS
BODY
ROOT

75
Q

WHAT IS THE ROOT OF THE PENIS MADE UP OF

A

THE RIGHT AND LEFT CRURA AND THE BULB OF THE PENIS

76
Q

THE RIGHT AND LEFT CRURA CONTINUE TO FORM :

A

THE 2 CORPUS CAVERNOSUM

77
Q

THE BULB OF THE PENIS FORMS THE

A

CORPUS SPONGIOSUM

78
Q

THE CORPUS SPONGIOSUM EXPANDS TO FORM

79
Q

WHAT IS THE ANATOMICAL NAME FOR FORESKIN

80
Q

WHAT IS THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE PENIS

A

DORSAL ARTERIES
DEEP ARTERIES
BULBOURETHRAL ARTERIES

THESE ALL ARISE FROM THE INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY ARISING FROM THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY

81
Q

WHAT IS THE INNERVATION TO THE PENIS

A

PUDENDAL NERVE

BMS246 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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