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BMS246 ANATOMY > CHEST AND LUNGS > Flashcards

CHEST AND LUNGS Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS THE DIRECTION OF THE EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

A

MOVE DOWN AND FORWARDS

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2
Q

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

A

MOVING THE RIB CAGE

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3
Q

AT WHAT ANGLE DO THE INTERNALS LIE TO THE EXTERNALS

A

90 DEGREES

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4
Q

THE INNERMOST INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES LIE IN THE SAME …………………. BUT A LITTLE MORE ……………….

A

ORIENTATION

HORIZONTALLY

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5
Q

WHERE DOES THE INTERCOSTAL BUNDLE SIT

A

IN THE INTERCOSTAL GROOVE

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6
Q

WHAT DOES THE INTERCOSTAL BUNDLE CONSIST OF

A

THE INTERCOSTAL VEIN, ARTERY AND NERVE

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7
Q

THE THORACIC CAGE CONSISTS OF ……….. PAIRS OF RIBS THAT ARTICULATE ……………….. WITH THE ……………….. COLUMN

A

12
POSTERIORLY
VERTEBRAL

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8
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE THORACIC CAGE

A

PLAYS A PART IN RESPIRATION

PROTECTS THORACIC ORGANS AND ORGANS OF THE UPPER ABDOMEN

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9
Q

HOW MANY PAIRS OF RIBS ARTICULATE WITH THE STERNUM

A

10

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10
Q

WHAT IS THE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE THORACIC CAGE

A

ANTERIORLY - THE INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY SPLITS INTO 12 INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES SUPPLYING EACH RIB
POSTERIORLY THE AORTA BRANCHES INTO 12 POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES
THESE ANASTAMOSE

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11
Q

WHERE DO THE INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERIES ORIGINATE FROM

A

SUBCLAVIAN ARTERIES

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12
Q

WHAT MUSCLES DOES QUIET INSPIRATION USE

A

CONTRACTION OF EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUCLES

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13
Q

WHAT MUSCLES DOES FORCED INSPIRATION USE

A

CONTRACTION OF EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUCLES BUT ADDITIONALLY THE SECONDARY MUSCLES AROUND NECK AND BACK

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14
Q

WHAT MUSCLES DOES FORCED EXPIRATION USE

A

CONTRACTION OF INTERAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

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15
Q

WHAT MUSCLES DOES QUIET EXPIRATION USE

A

IT IS A PASSIVE PROCESS SO ONLY RELAXATION OF EXTERNALS

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16
Q

WHAT IS CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

EITHER ONE ARTICULATION, DIFFERENCE IN MORPHOLOGY OR A FLOATING RIB

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17
Q

WHY IS RIB 1 CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

RIB 1 IS FLAT, SHORT AND HAS ONLY 1 ARTICULATION

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18
Q

WHY IS RIB 2 CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

RIB 2 HAS A DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGY AND A ROUGH AREA WHERE SERRATUS ANTERIOR ATTACHES

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19
Q

WHY IS RIB 10 CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

RIB 10 HAS ONLY ONE ARTICULATION

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20
Q

WHY IS RIB 11 CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

RIB 11 IS A FLOATING RIB

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21
Q

WHY IS RIB 12 CONSIDERED AN ATYPICAL RIB

A

RIB 12 IS FLOATING RIB

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22
Q

WHAT IS CONSIDERED TO BE A TRUE RIB

A

IF THE RIB IS INDIVIDUALLY ATTACHED TO ITS OWN CARTILAGE

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23
Q

WHY ARE RIBS 8-12 CONSIDERED FALSE RIBS

A

8-10 ATTACH TO THE COSTAL CARTILAGE SUPERIOR TO THEM

11 - 12 ARE FLOATING

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24
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO MECHANISMS OF RESPIRATION

A

PUMP HANDLE - MOVEMENT OF STERNUM

BUCKET HANDLE - MOVEMENT OF THE RIBS

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25
Q

T1 VERTEBRA ARTICULATES WITH WHAT RIB

A

RIB 1

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26
Q

WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF T VERTEBRAE

A

SPINOUS PROCESS
TWO TRANSVERSE PROCESSES
VETEBRAL BODY IS HEART SHAPED
PRESENCE OF DEMI FACETS - FOR ARTICULATION OF HEADS OF RIBS
PRESENCE OF COSTAL FACETS - FOR ARTICULATION OF TUBERCLES OF RIBS

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27
Q

NORMAL RIBS HAVE HOW MANY ARTICULAR FACETS AND WHERE DO THEY ARTICULATE

A

2, ONE ARTICULATING WITH THE DEMI FACET OF THE VERTEBRA ABOVE AND ONE ARTICULATING WITH THE CORRESPONDING VERTEBRA

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28
Q

THE STERNUM IS MADE UP OF

A

MANUBRIUM
BODY
XIPHOID PROCESS

29
Q

THE SUPERIOR ASPECT OF THE MANUBRIUM HAS A DEPRESSION CALLED THE

A

JUGULAR NOTCH

30
Q

WHAT IS EITHER SIDE OF THE JUGULAR NOTCH

A

THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINTS WHERE THE MANUBRIUM MEETS THE MEDIAL END OF THE CLAVICLES

31
Q

WHERE THE MANUBRIUM ARTICULATES WITH THE BODY IS CALLED

A

THE STERNAL ANGLE

32
Q

THE STERNAL ANGLE OCCURS AT THE LEVEL OF

A

THE SECOND COSTAL CARTILAGE / VERTEBRATE T4-T5

33
Q

THE STERNAL ANGLE IS IMPORTANT FOR

A

ORIENTATING RIBS
IS WHERE THE ARCH OF THE AORTA IS
WHERE THE TRACHEA BIFURCATES

34
Q

THE BODY HAS MANY FACETS FOR ARTICULATIONS WITH COSTAL CARTILAGE OF RIBS WHAT NUMBERS

A

RIBS 3 - 6

35
Q

THE XIPHOID PROCESS IS MAINLY ………………………. BUT COMPLETELY ………………………. LATER IN LIFE. THE TIP SITS AT THE LEVEL OF …………………

A

CARTILAGENOUS
OSSIFIES
T10

36
Q

THE CHEST IS BOUND BY THE ………………………… LATERALLY AND INFERIORLY, THE ……………….
THE HEART, CONTAINED WITHIN ITS ……………….. SAC, OCCUPIES THE MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM.

A

RIB CAGE
DIAPHRAGM
PERICARDIAL

37
Q

WHAT OCCUPIES THE SUPERIOR MEDIASTINUM

A

ARCH OF THE AORTA
THE GREAT VESSELS
THE TRACHEA
OESOPHAGUS

38
Q

WHAT OCCUPIES THE POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM

A

CONTINUATION OF THE OESOPHAGUS AND DESCENDING AORTA

39
Q

WHAT MAJOR NERVES PASS THROUGH THE CHEST

A

PHRENIC

VAGUS

40
Q

WHAT DOES THE PHRENIC NERVE INNERVATE

A

THE DIAPHRAGM

41
Q

WHAT DOES THE VAGUS NERVE INNERVATE

A

THE THORACIC VISCERA (LUNGS AND PLEURA) ALSO INNERVATES THE HEART

42
Q

WHICH CRANIAL NERVE IS THE VAGUS NERVE

43
Q

WHERE DOES THE PHRENIC NERVE ORIGINATE

A

C3,4 AND 5

44
Q

WHAT DOES THE PHRENIC NERVE SPLIT INTO

A

LEFT AND RIGHT TO INNTERVATE BOTH DOMES OF THE DIAPHRAGM

45
Q

WHERE ARE THE LUNGS IN RELATION TO THE MEDIASTINUM

A

THEY LIE EITHER SIDE WITHIN THE THORACIC CAVITY, SURROUND BY VISCERAL AND PARIETAL PLEURA

46
Q

THE LEFT LUNG LIES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO

A

HEART
AORTIC ARCH
THORACIC AORTA
OESOPHAGUS

47
Q

THE RIGHT LUNG LIES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO

A

OESOPHAGUS
HEART
VENA CAVA
AZYGOUS VEIN

48
Q

HOW MANY LOBES DOES THE RIGHT LUNG HAVE

49
Q

HOW MANY LOBES DOES THE LEFT LUNG HAVE

50
Q

THE LEFT BRONCHUS IS MORE ………………… TO ACCOMMODATE FOR THE HEART

A

HORIZONTAL

51
Q

THE TRACHEA AND BRONCHUS ARE MADE OF

52
Q

THE BRONCHIOLES ARE MADE OF

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE

53
Q

THE APEX OF THE LUNGS PROJECT UPWARDS TO THE LEVEL OF THE …………….. RIB AND INTO THE FLOOR OF THE …………….

A

FIRST

NECK

54
Q

THE LUNGS EXTEND TO THE LEVEL OF THE ………… RIB ANTERIORLY

55
Q

WHAT ARE THE FISSURES OF THE RIGHT LUNG

A

HORIZONTAL

OBLIQUE

56
Q

WHAT ARE THE FISSURE OF THE LEFT LUNG

57
Q

AT WHAT LEVEL DOES THE HORZONTAL FISSURE LIE AT

A

LEVEL OF 4TH RIB

58
Q

THE LEFT LUNG HAS A ……………………., A HOMOLOGUE OF THE …………….. LOBE

A

LINGULA

MIDDLE

59
Q

PASSING ANTERIOR TO THE HILUM OF THE LUNGS IS THE ………….. NERVE
THIS PASSES THROUGH THE …………. ALONGSIDE THE ……………… VENA CAVA

A

PHRENIC
DIAPHRAGM
INFERIOR

60
Q

BLOOD ENTERS THE LUNGS VIA THE TWO

A

PULMONARY ARTERIES

61
Q

BLOOD LEAVES THE LUNGS VIA THE FOUR

A

PULMONARY VEINS

62
Q

THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF THE LUNGS REQUIRE THEIR OWN BLOOD SUPPLY; WHAT IS IT

A

THE BRONCHIAL ARTERIES/SUPPLIES

63
Q

THE DIAPHRAGM HAS ……….. DOMES, …………. AND ………………

A

2
LEFT
RIGHT

64
Q

THE DIAPHRAGM ATTACHES TO ………………… …………………… 7-10 AND DIRECTLY TO RIBS …… AND 12

A

COSTAL CARTILAGES

11

65
Q

WHAT VENOUS VESSELS ARE LYING ANTERIOR TO THE AORTIC ARCH

A

JUGULAR AND SUBCLAVIAN VEINS

66
Q

THE TRACHEA AND OESOPHAGUS LIE …………………. TO THE GREAT VESSELS

67
Q

THE TRACHEA LIES ………………………. TO THE OESOPHAGUS

68
Q

THE LEFT VAGUS NERVE RUNS OVER THE ………………. ……………….. BEFORE BRANCHING OFF TO SUPPLY THE ……………….. TREE AND THE HEART. THE VAGUS NERVE SPLITS AT THE POINT OF THE ……………………………….. ARTERIOSUM INTO OTHER BRANCHES, THE VAGUS ITSELF CONTINUING DOWN THE ………………………. INTO THE BOWEL

A

AORTIC ARCH
BRONCHIAL
LIGAMENTUM
OESOPHAGUS

69
Q

THE PHRENIC NERVE PASSES …………………. OF THE ROOT HILUM GOING ON TO SUPPLY THE ……………………. AND THEM MUSCLES OF THE ……………………………

A

ANTERIOR
PERICARDIUM
DIAPHRAGM

BMS246 ANATOMY (10 decks)

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