The Heart And Blood Flashcards
Heart
Made from cardiac muscle tissue which is supplied with oxygen by coronary artery
Aorta
Carries oxygenated blood around body
Pulmonary artery
Brings oxygenated blood from lungs
Left ventricle
Pumps blood around body
Right ventricle
Pumps blood to lungs
Vena Cara
Brings deoxygenated blood into heart
Pulmonary artery
Takes deoxygenated blood to lungs
Double circulatory system
Blood passes through heart twice for every circuit around the body
Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs where gas exchange takes place
Left ventricle pumps blood around rest of body
Gas exchange
Oxygen diffuses out of alveoli (high concentration) into blood (low concentration)
Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood (high concentration) into alveoli (low concentration)
Artery
Carries blood away, high pressure
Thick muscular elastic walls
Walls can stretch withstand high pressure
Small lumen
Veins
Carries blood to heart low pressure
Have valves to stop black flow of blood
Thin walls large lumen
Capillary
Carries blood to tissue and cells connects arteries and veins
One cell thick short diffusion for substances to move between blood and tissues very narrow lumen
Blood cell
Biconcave shape- large surface area to absorb oxygen
No nucleus- more space for oxygen
Haemoglobin- binds oxygen to cell
Platelets
Clots blood- stops people losing blood, stops microorganisms getting into wound
White blood cells
Produces antioxidants and antibodies to defend against disease
Can engulf microorganisms (phagocytosis)
