The Heart Flashcards
What is VO2 max
The volume of oxygen an athlete can consume while exercising at maximum capacity.
What is a Cusp
A triangular fold or flap of a heart valve
What does Pulmonary mean
To do with the lungs
What is a Vein
Tube that carries blood back to the heart
What is an Artery
A muscular tube that carries blood away from the heart.
What is the Vena Cava
Large vein bringing deoxygenated blood into the heart
What does Venous mean
To do with the veins
What is the Systole
The phase of a heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.
What is the Diastole
The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and lets the chambers fill with blood.
What is Blood Pressure
Pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, especially the arteries.
What is Inspiration
Breathing in
What is Expiration
Breathing out
What is an Erythrocyte
Red blood cell
What is Haemoglobin
A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen
What is Anaemia
A condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood
What is a Leukocyte
White blood cell
What is a Pathogen
An agent that causes a disease such as a virus
What is an Antibody
Chemical that destroys a pathogen
What is Oxygen debt
The amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid
What is Anaerobic exercise
Working at a high intensity level without oxygen for energy production
Cardio Respiratory system
The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the muscles during exercise
Cardiovascular
To do with the hear, blood and blood vessels together.
Immune system
The structure and processes in your body that stop disease
Thrombokinase
Substance involved in blood clotting
Serotonin
Hormone that triggers the clotting proccess
Plasma
The fluid part of blood
Vascular shunting
Process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas. Achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction.
Vasodialition
When veins swell up or dilate widening of the lumen in blood vessels to allow increased blood flow.
Vasoconstriction
When veins shrink down, narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow.
Respiration
The movement of air from outside the body into the cells within tissue
Diaphragm
The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration. A dome shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the rest of the body cavity.
Trachea
Tube that takes air into the chest, also known as a windpipe.
Bronchus
Tube along which air passes from the trachea into the lungs.
Bronchioles
Smaller branches coming of the bronchi
Alveoli
Tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gaseous exchange take place.
Haemoglobin
A type of protein found in every red blood cell
Gaseous exchange
The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues
