LONG TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE (CARDIO-RESPIRATORY)

Question 1

Decreased resting heart rate

Answer 1

Heart becomes bigger and stronger with training so it can supply the same amount of blood with fewer beats.

Question 2

Faster recovery rate

Answer 2

The faster your recovery rate, the fitter you are. As you get fitter, you get back to your normal heart rate quicker.

Question 3

Increased resting stroke volume

Answer 3

Amount of blood pumped per beat. Stroke volume increases the more you exercise as heart is more efficient and stronger.

Question 4

Size and strength of heart

Answer 4

Training increases the heart muscle in size, thickness and strength, the chambers increase in volume and the whole heart gets larger.

Question 5

Increased capillarisation

Answer 5

Improved fitness increases the number of capillaries in your heart muscle and helps make blood vessels more elastic and efficient.

Question 6

Increased number of red blood cells

Answer 6

Cells that carry oxygen to muscles so having a high red blood cell count can help an athlete work for longer periods of time and improve performance.

Question 7

Increased number of alveoli

Answer 7

More available alveoli for gaseous exchange means more oxygen can be absorbed from the capillaries and more CO2 taken out, (aerobic capacity increases).

Question 8

Increased strength of diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Answer 8

The muscles that work to increase airflow during physical activity, the stronger they are, the more oxygen you are able to take in per breath.