The heart Flashcards
What is the top left chamber of the heart on the diagram?
Right atrium
What is the top right chamber of the heart on the diagram?
Left atrium
What is the bottom left chamber of the heart on the diagram?
Right ventricle
What is the bottom right chamber of the heart on the diagram?
Left ventricle
What is the left input on the diagram called?
Vena cava
What is the left output on the diagram called?
Pulmonary artery
What is the right output on the diagram called?
Aorta
What is the right input on the diagram called?
Pulmonary vein
Where is the shape of the muscular heart wall thicker and why?
Thicker on the left (right on diagram) because it has to pump blood all around the body
Why does the heart have valves?
So blood doesn’t flow backwards
What does the Vena Cava do?
Brings deoxygenated blood into the heart
What does the pulmonary artery do?
Takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What does the aorta do?
Carries oxygenated blood around the body
What does the pulmonary vein do?
Brings oxygenated blood from the lungs
Is the aorta a vein or an artery?
Artery
Is the Vena Cava a vein or an artery?
Vein
What is the difference between veins or arteries? (3 differences)
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart
- Veins carry blood towards the heart
- Arteries carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary artery)
- Veins carry deoxygenated blood
- Arteries have thicker, more muscular walls because of higher pressure
- Veins have thinner walls because of lower pressure
What does pulmonary mean?
Relating to the lungs
What are coronary arteries?
They supply blood to the heart muscle
What is coronary heart disease? (and causes and cures and why it’s bad)
-The coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscles, become narrow.
- Usually caused by a buildup of fatty material
- Its bad because it reduces bloodflow to the heart muscle, which can cause heart attacks, pain and even death
- Stent and statin can cure coronary heart disease
What is a stent?
A metal mesh that is placed in the artery then inflated by a small balloon. Once the balloon is removed, the mesh stays open, holding the artery open
What is a statin?
Medicine that reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing down the rate at which fatty material is deposited in the coronary arteries
Pros and cons of stent
Pros:
- Works for a long time
- Fast recovery from surgery
Cons:
- Needs surgery (risk of infection)
Pros and cons of statin
Pros:
- Decreases blood cholesterol
- No surgery
Cons:
- Needs to be taken regularly
- Will have possible side effects
- Long term
- Effects take time
