The Growing Environment Flashcards
What are the 5 main things a vine needs?
heat sunlight carbon dioxide water nutrients
What temp does a winery need to be in order to grow?
10oC
What are factors that affect heat?
Latitude Altitude Ocean currents Fog Soil Aspect
What is the ideal latitude rage for wineries around the world?
30-50 degrees north and south
What is the ocean current off Chile?
Humboldt
What is the ocean current off South Africa?
Benguela
What is Aspect?
The direction the vineyard faces - ideally south in the northern hemisphere and north in the Southern Hemisphere
What is continentality?
the temp between the coldest and the hottest months
What is diurnal range?
the difference between daytime and nighttime temp.
What are some temperature hazards?
winter - below -20oC extremely dangerous
spring frost
growing season - cold could delay bud burst
What are ways to combat spring frost?
heaters
wind machines
sprinklers
thoughtful vineyard design
What 3 things affect sunlight?
Latitude
Seas and lakes
Aspect
If an area has very little to no water, what can a winery do to help?
Rainfall irrigation
drip irrigation
sprinklers
flood irrigation
What happens to a vine with too much water?
the leaves and shoots over develop
can lead to fruit bursting and diluted grapes if late in the season
What place is particularly susceptible to hail damage?
Mendoza Argentina
What is a a cool climate?
average growing temp below 16oC
Whats is a moderate climate?
average growing temp between 16.5oC and 18.5oC
What is a warm climate?
average growing temp between 18.5oC and 21oC
What is a hot climate?
average growing temp over 21oC
What is a continental climate?
it has the greatest difference in continentality
What is a maritime climate?
cool to moderate temps and low annual continentality
What is a mediterranean climate?
low continentality and warm and dry summers
What is a common symptom linked to a lack of nutrients in the soil called?
chlorosis
