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CC WORLD HISTORY > The Great War > Flashcards

The Great War Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the MAIN causes of WWI

A

Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, and Nationalism

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2
Q

How does Militarism cause the war?

A

Countries focus on having giant, powerful militaries, want to be better than other countries, and keep building them up. Want to use the weapons

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3
Q

How do alliances cause the war?

A

Going to break Europe into two sides, instead of it being a small war alliances will come help and cause it to a domino effect of countries joining.

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4
Q

Who was part of the allies alliance?

A

France, Great Britain, Italy, United States, Russia

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5
Q

Who was part of the central powers?

A

Ottoman Empire, Germany, Austria-Hungary

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6
Q

How would imperialism cause the war?

A

Germany wanted to get colonies, and England and France wanted to keep theirs. The winner would get control of all of them

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7
Q

What is nationalism?

A

Intense pride in your country or ethnic group

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8
Q

How does nationalism cause the war?( 2 ways)

A

Made countries feel superior and were sure they would win a war
Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in an attempt to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary

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9
Q

What is the difference between dividing and unifying nationalism?

A

Unifying- want to bring nations/ethnic groups together

Dividing- want to break away from empire to form own nations of ethnic groups

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10
Q

What was the spark of the war?

A

The assassination of Archduke Franz Fernandid of Austria-Hungary by the Black Hand

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11
Q

What is the black hand?

A

Terrorist organization in Serbia that wanted unify all Serbs together

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12
Q

Who was Gavrilo Princip?

A

Black hand member who killed Franz Fernandid

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13
Q

When did the war officially start?

A

July 28th, 1914.

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14
Q

Who declared war first? Why.

A

Austria- Hungary on serbia= Serbia would not help with finding black hand members after the assassination

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15
Q

Who came to help Serbia? Why.

A

Russia- saw Serbia as their little brother to protect since similar ethnicity

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16
Q

Who came to help Austria-Hungry. Why?

A

Germany gave them the blank check to fight to war

Wanted more power in the world

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17
Q

Who came to help Russia? Why.

A

France, did not want Germany to get power and gain more land from France

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18
Q

What were Germany’s military strategies called? What was it supposed to stop Germany from having to do?

A

Schiefflan plan

Fight a two-front war( split their military in half and fight on both sides of their borders)

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19
Q

How was it supposed to work? ( Schefflan plan)

A

Germany would attack France first through Beligum since France had defensive up along the German/French border. Then after quickly beating France can turn attention towards Russia

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20
Q

why did Schiefflan plan not work?

A

Belgium fought back= brought Britain into the war

Russia attacked faster than they had planned with the help of France

21
Q

Why did Britain get pulled into the war?

A

Allied with Belgium, who was invaded by Germany.

22
Q

Who fought on the eastern front?

A

Russia vs Germany/ Austria-Hungary/ Ottomans

23
Q

What type of fighting did they use? Why( 2 reasons)

A

Civil war style fighting
Russia was not industrialized yet
Allies could not get Russia industrialized items to help

24
Q

What was no man’s land?

A

Area in between the two sides of trenches that were filled with artillery shells/mud. Barbed wire

25
Q

Who fought in the western front.

A

Allies( Britain/ France/ USA) vs Germany

26
Q

What type of style of fighting did they use? Why!

A

Trenches/ MACHINE GUNS USED

27
Q

How did the fighting in WWI differ from previous wars in Europe?

A

New technologies made the war more defensive and more deadly. More people in the world made a lot more people fight. IMperialism made colonies come which made it a world war.

28
Q

Why were tanks used? Were they effective?

A

To transport troops across no man’s land without getting shot
Not / break down/ slow/ no weapons/ no ventilation

29
Q

How were airplanes used at first? Later? What were the problems?

A

To gather information about the enemy (reconnaissance)

No protection for pilots

30
Q

How was barbed wire used?

A

To funnel soldiers into one area to be shot at with machine guns

31
Q

What were artillery shells used for?

A

To destroy the trenches of the enemies to force them out

32
Q

What caused shell shock? What did it look like?

A

Artillery shells/ trenches

Lost control of body movements/ mind

33
Q

Poison gas- how effective was it? What did it do to soldiers?

A

Not very effective- killed less 1% of the deaths

Left with scars

34
Q

Why were submarines deadly during the war?

A

Did not have sonar to detect them

Could not hold hostages - had to shoot to kill

35
Q

How did people in colonies help with the war?

A

Colonists were brought in to fight from all colonies

36
Q

What were the reasons why America joins the war?

A

Germans changed from targeting supply ships to targeting passenger ships and trying to kill civilians, which turned Americans against them
Zimmerman telegraph
Loaned allies money

37
Q

Why did Russia drop out of the war?

A

Russia had not industrialized, and they weren’t able to have the allies ship them goods and weapons. They were doing so bad in the war, their people overthrew their government to get out of the war.
Signed treaty with Germany to end fighting- gave upland

38
Q

What was the effect of that on the war?

A

Germany was able to move troops to focus on the western front

39
Q

What were the effects of the war on Europe?

A

Death
8.5 million, the Allies, 17 million total
Destruction of Europe ( farmlands, cities, factories)
Wounded soldiers

40
Q

When does the war officially end?

A

11/11/11, 1918

41
Q

What treaty brought the war to a close?

A

Treaty of Versailles

42
Q

Who was involved in making the treaty to end the war? What did they want?

A

France - Totally destroy Germany
Britain - Gain colonies and make Germany weaker
Italy - Gain some land
United States - Be fair to everyone, let people decide for themselves who rules them, and create the League of Nations

43
Q

Who was NOT involved in making the treaty?

A

Germany - They lost, so they weren’t able to be in the negotiations
Russia - They quit early and were communist now, so we didn’t trust them

44
Q

What was the War Guilt Clause?

A

Germany was forced to admit being solely responsible for WWI

45
Q

What was the effect of the War Guilt Clause on Germany?

A

It made Germans resent the allies and were forced to pay $64 billion to the allies to rebuild
Half to France alone

46
Q

What happened to Germany’s colonies?

A

They all got taken away from them- given to the winners of the war

47
Q

What happened to Germany’s military?

A

German army reduced to 100,000 troops, no Air Force, Navy, or tanks, no draft
Germany was no longer allowed to produce any kind of war material
Had to give navy to Britain

48
Q

What were the lasting long-term effects of WWI? (4)

A

Colonial revolts started to spread, marking the beginning of the end of imperialism
The last remaining monarchies in Europe collapsed and were replaced by democracies
The rise of Communism in Russia
The balance of power in the world shifted
Europe neared bankruptcy, the United States became a world power

CC WORLD HISTORY (12 decks)

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