The Enlightenment Flashcards
Why would Kings of Europe hate John Locke’s ideas?
They did not want to protect rights, and John Locke was urging people to overthrow them
How did the Scientific Revolution weaken the Catholic Church?
Some of the teachings of the Catholic Church began to be proven incorrect by science, and people began to question more and more of the teachings
Explain what the enclosure movement was.
Rich farmers bought up the common land, and fenced it off so smaller farmers were not able to use it
How did we gather information before the Scientific Revolution?
All knowledge came from the ancient Greeks and Romans or the Bible
List the 7 reasons why England was the first to industrialize.
Plenty of rivers and coal
Large amounts of natural resources like coal and cotton
England had lots of rivers
Large harbors already built
Stable economy and government
Already had a global trade network
Large urban population with no other options
What changes did Mary Wollstonecraft advocate for? To what extent has that change taken place?
The rights for women to own property, be educated, vote, and in general be treated as equals.
In most modern countries women do have all of those rights, but there are still areas that need improvement.
Describe what life was like before the Industrial Revolution? (Where did people work, how did we make our stuff, etc?)
Most people lived on small farms and grew crops to eat
Most work was done in the home or was done by hand by an artisan
What concepts were discovered during the Scientific Revolution?
The Earth rotates around the sun, Calculus, telescopes, etc.
What is a social contract?
The agreement that citizens would give up some rights and accept the government as legitimate in order for the government to maintain control
What major changes took place because of the Industrial Revolution?
Machines began doing more work for people instead of muscle power
People began to work outside of the home, and buy things that were mass produced in a factory
What is absolute rule?
A government where the ruler had total authority, and there were no limits on what they were allowed to do.
Explain what the crop rotation was.
Planting different crops each year to replenish soil, which grew more food per acre
How did the Catholic church respond to the Scientific Revolution ?
They threatened, tortured, or killed scientists who refused to take back their research.
What type of governing structure was used during the dark ages?
Monarchy
What new ideas were there about how governments should be run?
Citizens should vote on their leaders, 3 branches of government, citizens should have the right to a fair trial, free speech, religious freedoms, women should be treated as equals according to the law
