The Great Schism Flashcards
What was the Filioque controversy?
Inclusion of the phrase “and the Son” (filioque) in the Nicene Creed by the Western Church. Eastern Church argued this changed understanding of the Trinity.
What was the Papal authority dispute?
Catholic Church asserted Pope supremacy over all Christians. Eastern Orthodox Church maintained Patriarch of Constantinople as leader of the Eastern Church.
Why were people unhappy with the Rise of the Byzantine Empire?
Rise of Byzantine Empire and its claim to be the continuation of the Roman Empire, created tension with the emerging power of the Papacy in Rome.
How did the Fourth Crusade come in to play?
The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) resulted in the sack of Constantinople by Western crusaders. Distrust between Christians.
When did the division between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the Eastern Orthodox Church in the East occur?
1054
How did language influence division?
Differences in language (Latin in the West and Greek in the East) and liturgical practices contributed to sense of separation.
Who declared the excommunication of Michael Cerularius of Constinople in 1054?
Cardinal Humbert on behalf of Pope Leo IX
Long term religious consequence of schism?
Resulted in the permanent division of Christianity into two major branches: Roman Catholicism in the West and Eastern Orthodoxy in the East (to this day)
How did schism effect division culturally and linguistically?
Cultural and linguistic differences between the two became more pronounced, contributing to distinct identities and practices.
How were political alliances influenced as result of schism?
The Catholic Church aligned with Western powers, while the Orthodox Church maintained ties with the Byzantine Empire and later with Slavic nations
How did the schism effect unity during the Crusades?
Mutual animosity led to a lack of cooperation between Latin and Orthodox Christians in the face of common threats, such as Islamic expansion.
When and what was the Council of Florence?
1439 as an attempt at reconciliation. Other attempts at this usually faced resistance from both sides.
