The frustration-aggression hypothesis

Question 1

What is the frustration-aggression hypothesis?

Answer 1

The theory that aggression is the consequence of frustration

Question 2

What is frustration?

Answer 2

Any event or stimulus that prevents an individual from attaining some goal and its reinforcing quality

Question 3

What did Dollard state?

Answer 3

Aggression causes frustration and frustration causes aggression

Question 4

What is catharsis?

Answer 4

The purging of emotions

Question 5

How is catharsis associated with aggression?

Answer 5

Aggressive behaviour allows the purging of behaviour

Question 6

How are aggressive urges relieved?

Answer 6

By engaging in aggressive behaviour

Question 7

What are the 3 reasons aggression can’t always be expressed against the source of frustration?

Answer 7

Source of frustration is abstract, source of frustration is too powerful and source of frustration isn’t available

Question 8

What does the psychodynamic approach suggest about aggression?

Answer 8

It is an innate process

Question 9

What similarities are there between the FAH and the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 9

They both assume defence mechanisms as a key assumption

Question 10

What are defence mechanisms?

Answer 10

Actions taken by the unconscious mind to protect the conscious mind from harm

Question 11

What defence mechanisms is associated with the FAH?

Answer 11

Displacement

Question 12

How is displacement applied to aggression?

Answer 12

Aggression is often directed towards an innocent person or thing, rather than the source

Question 13

What are the 3 conditions affecting the likelihood of aggression?

Answer 13

Proximity of the goal, effectiveness of aggression and whether the aggression is justifiable

Question 14

What are the 4 FAH evaluation points?

Answer 14

1) Supporting research from Geen
2) Contradictory evidence from Bushman
3) RWA application from Priks
4) Berkowitz weapon effect

Question 15

Who found research support for the FAH?

Answer 15

Geen

Question 16

Who were the participants in Geen’s study?

Answer 16

Male university students

Question 17

What task were Geen’s participants given?

Answer 17

To complete a jigsaw puzzle

Question 18

What were the 3 experimental conditions of Geen’s study?

Answer 18

Impossible puzzle, interfered with by confederate and insulted by a confederate

Question 19

What was Geen’s high frustration condition?

Answer 19

Participants insulted by a confederate

Question 20

What was Geen’s low frustration condition?

Answer 20

Impossible jigsaw puzzle

Question 21

What were Geen’s participants made to do after the jigsaw puzzle?

Answer 21

Give shocks to the confederate

Question 22

What did Geen find about participants in the high frustration group?

Answer 22

They gave the strongest shocks

Question 23

How did Geen’s experimental groups compare to his control group?

Answer 23

All 3 gave stronger shocks

Question 24

Who found contradictory evidence to the FAH?

Answer 24

Bushman

Question 25

Which part of the FAH did Bushman question?

Answer 25

Catharsis

Question 26

What did Bushman do to frustrate all his participants?

Answer 26

Insulted their work

Question 27

What were Bushman’s 3 experimental groups?

Answer 27

Hit punch bag + think about criticised work, hit punch bag + think about exercise and don’t hit anything

Question 28

Which group of Bushman’s were showing displacement?

Answer 28

Hitting the punch bag and thinking about being criticised

Question 29

Which of Bushman’s experimental groups showed the most aggression?

Answer 29

The displacement group

Question 30

Which of Bushman’s experimental groups showed the least aggression?

Answer 30

The group who did nothing

Question 31

What do Bushman’s findings contradict?

Answer 31

The belief that catharsis via aggression leads to reduced anger

Question 32

Who found a RWA of the FAH?

Answer 32

Priks et al

Question 33

In which group of people did Priks find evidence of the FAH?

Answer 33

Swedish football fans

Question 34

What was the measure of frustration in Prik’s study?

Answer 34

A football teams position in the league

Question 35

What was the measure of aggression in Prik’s study?

Answer 35

The number of objects thrown onto the pitch

Question 36

Give 2 examples of objects thrown onto the pitch in Priks’ study?

Answer 36

Fireworks and bricks

Question 37

What did Priks find?

Answer 37

The worse a team performed, the moe objects were thrown on the pitch

Question 38

What behaviour were the football fans in Priks study likely to engage in?

Answer 38

Fighting with supporters of the opposing teams

Question 39

Who criticised the FAH?

Answer 39

Berkowitz

Question 40

What did Berkowitz suggest in replace of the FAH?

Answer 40

That frustration instead causes a ‘readiness’ for aggression

Question 41

What did Berkowitz suggest had more of an affect on aggression than frustration?

Answer 41

Environmental cues

Question 42

What effect is Berkowitz associated with?

Answer 42

The weapon effect