The Eukaryotic Cell

Question 1

Chromosomes:

Answer 1

• Multiple
• di → polyploid
• linear
• coiled around histones
• large & redundant
  ~ 40,000 genes (3,000 Mb)

Question 2

Size of Cell:

Answer 2

Typically 10–100 mm in diameter

Question 3

Nucleus:

Answer 3

True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane and nucleoli

Question 4

Membrane-Enclosed Organelles:

Answer 4

Present; examples include nuclei, lysosomes, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

Question 5

Flagella:

Answer 5

Complex; consist of multiple microtubules

Question 6

Glycocalyx:

Answer 6

Present in some cells that lack a cell wall

Question 7

Cell Wall:

Answer 7

When present, chemically simple (includes cellulose and chitin)

Question 8

Plasma Membrane:

Answer 8

Sterols and carbohydrates that serve as receptors

Question 9

Cytoplasm:

Answer 9

Cytoskeleton (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules); cytoplasmic streaming

Question 10

Ribosomes:

Answer 10

Larger size (80S); smaller size (70S) in organelles

Question 11

Chromosome (DNA):

Answer 11

Multiple linear chromosomes with histones

Question 12

Cell Division:

Answer 12

Involves mitosis

Question 13

Sexual Recombination:

Answer 13

Involves meiosis

Question 14

Eukaryotes from the Greek words meaning

Answer 14

true nucleus

Question 15

Eukaryotes have a number of membrane-enclosed organelles

Answer 15

• mitochondria
• endoplasmic reticulum
• golgi complex
• lysosomes
• chloroplasts (sometimes)