Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
- it is the buildup and breakdown of nutrients within a cell
- provide energy and create substances that sustain life
Metabolism
Two key players in metabolism
- Enzyme
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
It catalyze reactions for specific molecules
Enzymes
Enzymes catalyze reactions for specific molecules called _____
Substrates
During enzymatic reactions, substrates are transformed into new substances called _______
Products
Enzymes, which are generally proteins, may need other
nonprotein molecules called _______ to work
Cofactors
It includes metal ions
Inorganic cofactors
It includes the electron carriers FAD, NAD+ and NADP+
Organic cofactors (coenzymes)
a molecule that cells use to manage energy needs
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Energy is ______ when the terminal phosphate is ____ from ATP
- released
- split
The chemistry of metabolism can seem overwhelming at first, with ______, or sets of many coordinated reactions, working together toward common goals
pathways
Two general types of Pathways
Catabolic and Anabolic
It break down macromolecules into simple component parts, releasing energy in the process
Catabolic Pathways
It build up macromolecules by combining simpler molecules, using energy in the process
Anabolic Pathways
What links catabolic and anabolic pathways?
Energy
______ reactions _____ the energy needed for ______ reactions
- Catabolic
- provide
- Anabolic
Nitrogen is a key component in
- proteins
- DNA and RNA
- plant chlorophyll
It is a key component in proteins, DNA and RNA, and plant chlorophyll
Nitrogen
But without ______, there would be _____ _____ available for most life forms
- microbes
- little nitrogen
A certain bacteria in the soil that converts nitrogen from the atmosphere into forms that other life forms can use
Rhizobium
A bacteria that play a role in removing harmful organic matter
Some species of Cyanobacteria
What is the bacteria and yeast that carry out catabolic reactions called fermentation
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae carry out catabolic reaction called
Fermentation
It is an antibiotic derive from Penicillium fungus
Penicillin
The production of Penicillin is derive drom
Penicillium fungus
Treatments that are also derived from microbial metabolism
- Bacitracin
- erythromycin
- vaccines
- vitamins
- enzymes
Bacitracin, erythromycin, and other treatments such as vaccines, vitamins, and enzymes are also derived from
Microbial metabolism
