The English Civil War

Question 1

When did king James die and who was his successor

Answer 1

1625. King Charles 1st

Question 2

What is the divine right of kings

Answer 2

The king rules alone and was chosen by god.
There is no higher power than the king therefore he couldn’t be held accountable for their actions.

Question 3

What’s a civil war

Answer 3

A war between 1 country

Question 4

What did parliament and Charles fall out over and how did it start the war?

Answer 4

Power and religion. Parliament wanted some of Charles power and in return would give him money. Charles refused as he believed in divine right of kings. Parliament was puritan and was becoming concerned that Charles was becoming Catholic.

Question 5

How exactly did religion start it

Answer 5

Many MPs in Charles parliament were puritans.
Puritans worried that king charles was becoming a Roman Catholic. As Charles married Henrietta Maria who was Catholic and parliament believed that she was persuading him to convert to Catholicism.

Question 6

What’s a puritan

Answer 6

Very strict protestant

Question 7

What are some differences between the RC church and Church of England?

Answer 7

The RC church has services in Latin. Church of England is in English. RC is run by the pope. Church of England is run by king/queen. RC has music and singing. Church of England only has music. RC priests can’t marry. You can marry in Church of England. RC have cardinals.

Question 8

Differences between Church of England and puritan

Answer 8

•Puritan church doesn’t have music, church of England does.
• Purican church is plain.
• Church of England is decorated.
• Puritan church is run by a committee of clergymen to govern the church.
• church ot england is run by king queen
-church of england is dressed fancy
•Puritans dress plain

Question 9

What churches are most similar

Answer 9

RC and Church of England

Question 10

How did Scottish people start the civil war?

Answer 10

In 1638 Scottish puritans rebelled against Charles when he made their church look Roman Catholic. Charles asked parliament for money to fight and parliament demanded power. Charles refused and in 1642 a civil war started.

Question 11

What would Charles and parliament say about the churches becoming more Roman Catholic?

Answer 11

Charles- I made the adjustments to show that we are a rich country. We are still Protestant and always will be. I’m all powerful.
Parliament- it’s becoming too RC and needs to be reverted back to its original state.we should rule as we have the people’s interests at heart

Question 12

Which church supported the king?

Answer 12

Church of England.

Question 13

Which church supported parliament?

Answer 13

Puritan.

Question 14

Who did these places support?
A- towns
B- countryside

Answer 14

A- parliament (Roundheads)
B- royalist (cavaliers)

Question 15

Who were parliaments leaders

Answer 15

Oliver Cromwell and Thomas Fairfax.

Question 16

Who also supported King Charles

Answer 16

Prince Rupert

Question 17

What was the name given to King Charles army

Answer 17

Royalists (cavaliers)

Question 18

What was the name given to parliaments army

Answer 18

Parliamentarians (Roundheads)

Question 19

What was the first battle?

Answer 19

Battle of edge hill. It was a draw

Question 20

What’s the NMA ,when was it set up , tell me about it

Answer 20

New model army. (Basically new perfect/professional army)
1645. They wore red as it was the cheapest colour to make. Foot soldiers(infantry) were paid 8 pence and cavalry paid 2 shillings.
They were trained to use muskets, spears and pikes. 22,000 men. To get promoted you had to show that you were exceptionally good at the job.
The NMA had better training.

Question 21

NMA advantages

Answer 21

Should be committed.
Should be well trained and able to win a battle.

Question 22

Who won the battle of Naseby?

Answer 22

Parliament won.
Some parts were fought well and some not so much. The cavalry fought well but the infantry had problems with their weapons.

Question 23

What are some factors that made King Charles lose?

Answer 23

Few allies. Most of his best fighters were killed during the battle. He ran out of money. Prince Rupert was a poor decision maker.

Question 24

What are some factors that made parliament win?

Answer 24

They had the Scottish army’s support. The NMA was a huge advantage. Cromwell was a very skilful army general. They controlled wealthy parts of the country so they had plenty of money to fund it.

Question 25

Tell me about the kings execution

Answer 25

Parliament beheaded King Charles on 30th January 1649. England became a republic country. Parliament now governed England and Cromwell became lord protector.

Question 26

What was the decisive battle

Answer 26

The battle of naseby.

Question 27

What’s a lord protector?

Answer 27

Regent in charge of a kingdom when there’s no king or queen. Cromwell became this after Charles was executed

Question 28

Reasons Charles lost
Support/military/financial

Answer 28

Parliament had more supporters. NMA had better training. Charles ran out of money. Parliament controlled all the money. Parliament controlled major towns like London.

Question 29

Reasons for the civil war?
Economic/ religious/ political

Answer 29

-Charles only came to parliament for money as he wanted all the money while parliament wanted power as they already controlled all the money.

-Charles started to make the church of England more RC and he married a catholic so everyone thought she was influencing him.

-The king believed he was the only one in charge with power- while parliament wanted more shared power.