Oliver Cromwell Flashcards
When was Cromwell born? And when did he die?
- 1658
Where did Cromwell live
Huntington in Cambridge
What religion was Cromwell and when did he become a member of parliament
Puritan. He became a member in 1628.
What was Cromwell title after the kings execution
Lord protector. He was very keen to execute the king.
What happened in 1661?
His body was dug up and beheaded then buried under the orders of King Charles ii . (Restoration)
What changes did he make to England?
Closed inns and theatres. Most sports were banned. Can’t play football on Sunday. No sweating. If you were caught sweating you would be sent to prison. Most forms of were were banned on Sunday. Women caught doing unnecessary work on holy day could be put in the stocks. You can’t go for a walk on Sunday. You had to fast once a month. He divided England into 11 areas. Make up was banned. Too colourful dresses were banned. Dresses and go go from their necks to feet. Had to wear black clothes. Banned Christmas by making it a religious celebration only. Christmas decorations were banned.
Why did Cromwell make changes to England
Wanted it to be a puritan country.
These changes appealed to puritans but other English people hated them.
When did Cromwell come to Ireland
1649
What are the reasons for Cromwell coming to Ireland?
To crush Irish rebels.
To reward those who had supported parliament.
To defeat the supporters of the king who controlled drogheda.
To take land for payment of his soldiers wages.
(Deal with royalists) (take land and money to pay NMAs)
Who was Cromwells enemy at Drogheda?
The royalists commander at drogheda is Sir Arthur Aston.
Who won the siege at drogheda?
Crow wells soldiers (NMA) won.
What changes did Cromwell make in Ireland?
He took control of Wexford. Around 2000 civilians died. By 1652 Cromwell was controlling Ireland , Scotland and England.
Local parliaments shut down.
Tried to shut RC church down.
Took land from RC landowners.
Took land away from poor Irish farmers and made them even poorer.
What are the rules of war
- Only soldiers not civilians can be killed.
- You can offer surrender and if it’s accepted then the soldiers become prisoners of war. If it’s refused they can still be attacked.
When was the siege of drogheda
1649
Do you think Cromwell broke the rules of warfare?
I think he did at drogheda because he shouldn’t have ordered innocent Irish civilians to be killed just because they were Irish. He killed Irish women and children became the Roman Catholics had been killing puritans but he shouldn’t have reacted in this way to it.
