The Endocrine System part 1

Question 1

the endocrine system is a network of what?

Answer 1

glands, organs, and tissues that produce hormones that regulate most if not all bodily functions

Question 2

what does homeostasis include?

Answer 2

body temp, blood pressure, blood pressure, fluid balance, growth and development, digestion and metabolism, stress response

Question 3

what else does the endocrine system regulate?

Answer 3

pressure

Question 4

what are the nine primary glands?

Answer 4

hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal body, thyroid, thymus, adrenal, gonads, and testis/ovaries

Question 5

where and what is the hypothalamus?

Answer 5

it is found right above the brainstem, it serves as the interface between the nervous and endocrine system

Question 6

T/F the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by regulating the pituitary gland?

Answer 6

True

Question 7

what are the two types of hormones in the hypothalamus?

Answer 7

Neurohormones and hormones

Question 8

what do neurohormones produce?

Answer 8

corticotropin-releasing (CRH), growth-releasing (GHRH), gonadotrophin-releasing (GnRH), and thyrotropin-releasing hormones

Question 9

T/F the master gland is the hypothalamus

Answer 9

False, the master gland is the pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus is the commander and chef

Question 10

the pituitary gland is controlled by what?

Answer 10

the hypothalamus

Question 11

T/F the real control center for homeostasis is the pituitary gland

Answer 11

true

Question 12

the pineal glands regulates what?

Answer 12

circadian and seasonal cycle

Question 13

what do the hypothalamus hormones produce?

Answer 13

oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 14

what hormones from the pineal gland produce?

Answer 14

melatonin and serotonin

Question 15

what are the two regions the pituitary gland?

Answer 15

Adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

Question 16

what is the adenohypophysis?

Answer 16

it is the anterior lobe influenced by hormones produced by the hypothalamus

Question 17

what is the neurohypophysis?

Answer 17

it is the posterior lobe and storage of hormones from the hypothalamus

Question 18

where is the thyroid?

Answer 18

in front of the larynx and trachea

Question 19

what hormones does the thyroid produce?

Answer 19

Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin

Question 20

what is T3 and T4 responsible for?

Answer 20

develop/differentiation of all cells, cellular metabolism, regulates long bone growth, neural maturation, and body sensitivity to catecholamines

Question 21

what does calcitonin regulate?

Answer 21

Ca2+ and P+ metabolism but mostly Ca2+ and regulates osteoclast activity by regulating blood Ca2+

Question 22

T/F five glands are embedded within the thyroid

Answer 22

False, it’s four

Question 23

the parathyroid hormone is produced by what?

Answer 23

Chef cells

Question 24

where is the thymus located?

Answer 24

behind the sternum and upper aspects of the chest

Question 25

the thymus is primarily a lymphatic gland of the what?

Answer 25

immune system

Question 26

T/F the lymphatic gland is a critical aspect of the immune system

Answer 26

True

Question 27

what is thymosin?

Answer 27

it is maturation of the white blood cells (lymphocyte T cell)

Question 28

what are adrenal glands?

Answer 28

a pair of small glands posterior of kidneys that can attached and detached

Question 29

what are the two regions of the adrenal glands?

Answer 29

adrenal medulla: inner layer and adrenal cortex: outer layer

Question 30

what does the adrenal medulla produce?

Answer 30

catecholamines aka epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 31

what does the adrenal cortex produce?

Answer 31

glucocorticoids - cortisol