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PSYCH Biopsych > The Endocrine System > Flashcards

The Endocrine System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the endocrine system

A

The hormonal system which works alongside the NS to control vital body functions

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2
Q

What does the endocrine system manufacture and secrete

A

Hormones which are chemical messengers

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3
Q

What are hormones secreted through

A

Blood vessels

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4
Q

What are hormones

A

Chemical messengers that only affect target organs

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5
Q

What are glands

A

A group of cells that are specialised to produce and secrete specific hormones

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6
Q

What are the main glands in the body

A

Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries and testes

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7
Q

What is the key endocrine gland and why

A

Pituitary gland as it controls the release of hormones from all the other glands in the body

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8
Q

What is the role of the hypothalamus

A

Acts as your body’s smart control coordinating center to keep your body in a stable condition

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9
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Maintenance of steady constant internal function in the body

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10
Q

What is the pituitary gland

A

The master gland which controls the release of hormones from other glands in the body

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11
Q

What is the pituitary gland controlled by

A

The hypothalamus

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12
Q

What are the two divisions of the pituitary gland

A

Anterior lobe and posterior lobe

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13
Q

What hormone does the anterior lobe release

A

Adrenocortical tropic hormone (ACTH)

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14
Q

What does ACTH stimulate and release

A

Stimulates the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol

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15
Q

What does the hormones released by the anterior lobe play a role in

A

How our body responds to stress

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16
Q

What hormone does the posterior lobe release

A

Oxytocin

17
Q

What is oxytocin and what is it responsible for

A

“love hormone” that’s responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth

18
Q

What does the pineal gland release

A

Melatonin

19
Q

What is the role of the pineal gland and melatonin

A

Responsible for important biological rhythms such as the sleep wake cycle

20
Q

What hormone does the thyroid gland release

A

Thyroxine

21
Q

What is the responsibility of the thyroid gland and thyroxine

A

Regulating metabolism

22
Q

What are the two parts of the adrenal gland

A

Adrenal medulla and Adrenal cortex

23
Q

What hormone does the adrenal medulla gland release

A

Adrenaline and noradrenaline

24
Q

What hormone does the adrenal coretx gland release

A

Cortisol

25
Q

What is the responsibility of the adrenal cortex and cortisol

A

Stimulate glucose release to provide the body with energy whilst suppressing the immune system

26
Q

What hormone do the ovaries release

A

Oestrogen

27
Q

What is the role of the ovaries and oestrogen

A

Controls the regulation of the female reproductive system like the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

28
Q

What hormone does the testes release

A

Testosterone

29
Q

What is the responsibility of the testes and testosterone

A

Development of the male sex characteristics during puberty and promoting muscle growth

30
Q

How does the endocrine system work with the ANS during a fight or flight response

A

With the use of hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal gland and the hormones that are used to trigger the response

31
Q

Once the stressful situation has occured , what part of the brain senses the emotions and sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus

A

Amygdala

32
Q

What is the amygdala

A

part of the brain that senses the change in emotions and sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus

33
Q

Where does the amygdala send the distress signal to

A

Hypothalamus

34
Q

What does the hypothalamus trigger to start the fight or flight response

A

The sympathetic NS and the pituitary gland

35
Q

What does the pituitary gland release when triggered

A

ACTH

36
Q

What does the ACTH stimulate in the process of the fight or flight response

A

Stimulates the adrenal glands to secret adrenaline and cortisol into the blood stream

37
Q

When is the flight or flight response in full effect

A

Once the adrenaline and cortisol is in the blood stream and the effects are shown

38
Q

What two parts are responsible for regulating the body after the stressful situation is over

A

Adrenal cortex and the parasympathetic NS

39
Q

What is the role of the adrenal gland after the stressful situation is over

A

To release cortisol to block the pituitary gland from increasing adrenaline levels

PSYCH Biopsych (11 decks)

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