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PSYCH Biopsych > Circadian Rhythms > Flashcards

Circadian Rhythms Flashcards

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1
Q

What are biological rhythms

A

They are distinct patterns of changes in body activity to confirm cyclical time periods

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2
Q

What are biological rhythms influenced by

A

Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeigetbergs

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3
Q

What are endogenous pacemakers

A

Internal body clocks

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4
Q

What are exogenous zeigetbergs

A

External changes to the environment

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5
Q

What are circadian rhythms

A

Biological rhythms that are subject to a 24 hour cycle which regulates a number of bodily processes

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6
Q

What are two examples of circadian rhythms

A

Sleepwalk cycle and core body temperature

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7
Q

What endogenous pacemaker is the sleepwake cycle governed by

A

The Suprachiasmatic nucleus

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8
Q

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

It’s the biological clock which regulates sleep wake cycle

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9
Q

Where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located

A

It lies just above the optic chiasm

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10
Q

How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus work with the optic chiasm

A

Provide information from the eye about light

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11
Q

What is the exogenous zeitgeber in the process of scn

A

Light

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12
Q

What does the exogenous zeitgeber (light) do for the SCN

A

Resets the SCN

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13
Q

What is the main study for the sleepwake cycle and circadian rhythm

A

Saffres cave study

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14
Q

What do researchers refer to as free running in terms of the sleepwake cycle

A

No influence of external stimulus such as light

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15
Q

How did Siffre study his biological rhythm

A

He spent several extended periods underground to study that affects of his own biological rhythm

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16
Q

What did Siffre deprive himself of and allow himself to have during his study on biological

A

Deprived himself of natural light and sound

Allowed himself to have adequate food and drinks

17
Q

When Siffre resurfaced what time of the year did he think it was and what was the reality

A

He thought it was mid August when it was actually mid September

18
Q

How long did Siffre stay in the Southern Alps cave

A

2 months

19
Q

When he performed a similar fee a decade later what changes did he make

A

Instead of saying in the cave for two months he said for six months and instead of the Southern Alps he stayed in a Texan cave

20
Q

What researcher had similar results shown with Siffre

A

Aschoff and Wever

21
Q

How was aschoffs and Wevers study conducted

A

They convinced a group of participants to spend four weeks in a world war two bunker which was deprived of natural light

22
Q

What were the findings of aschoffs and Wevers research

A

All but one of the participants display the circadian rhythm between 24 and 25 hours (the anolomaly was 29 hours)

23
Q

What did the two cave and bunker studies show about the sleep week cycle

A

It suggests that the natural sleepwake cycle may be slightly longer than 24 hours but that is entrained by exogenous zeitgeber associated with our 24-hour day

24
Q

What was Folkards aim of his study

A

To study how we should not overestimate the influence of exogenous zeiterbergs on our internal biological clock

25
Q

How did Folkard conduct his study

A

He studied a group of 12 people who agreed to live in a dark cave for three weeks going to bed when the clock said 11:45 p.m. and waking up when it said 7:45 a.m.

26
Q

What did the researchers of Folkards research change over the course of the study

A

They gradually started to speed up the clock unknown to the participants so that a 24 hour day would eventually be 22 hours

27
Q

What was the result of folk art study

A

Only one of the participants was able to comfortably adjust to the new change which suggests that the existence of a strong free running circadian rhythm can’t be easily overridden by exogenous zeitgebers

28
Q

How does core body temperature vary over the course of a day

A

If I is the lowest around 4:00 a.m. where it’s at 36 degrees Celsius and peaks around six pm at 38 degrees Celsius

29
Q

What does evidence suggest about body temperature and is correlation with mental abilities

A

The warmer we are internally the better our cognitive performance

30
Q

How did Folkard study the effect of body temperature on mental abilities

A

You demonstrated how children who had stories read to them at 3 p.m. showed superior recall and comprehension after a week compared to children who heard the same stories at 9:00 a.m.

31
Q

How did Gupta study the effects of body temperature on mental abilities

A

She found improved performance on IQ test when participants were assessed at 7:00 p.m. as opposed to 2pm and 9:00 a.m.

PSYCH Biopsych (11 decks)

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