The Elbow And Forearm

Question 1

Which two articulations form the elbow joint?

Answer 1

The humeroulnar and humeroradial joints

Question 2

Which two parts articulate in the humeroulnar articulation of the elbow joint?

Answer 2

The trochlear of the humerus and trochlear notch of ulna

Question 3

Which two parts articulate in the humeroradial articulation in the elbow joint?

Answer 3

Capitellum of the humerus and the radial head

Question 4

Which parts of the ulna and radius articulate in the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 4

Side of the radial head and radial notch of the ulna

Question 5

The medial and lateral epicondyles of the distal humerus act as attachments for which groups of muscles?

Answer 5

Lateral: extensors of posterior forearm
Medial: flexor-pronator group of anterior forearm

Question 6

The radial tuberosity is the sight of insertion for which muscle?

Answer 6

Biceps brachii

Question 7

The olecranon is the site of insertion for high muscle?

Answer 7

Triceps brachii

Question 8

Which two ligaments act to strengthen the elbow joint?

Answer 8

Lateral (ulnar) and medial (radial) collateral ligaments

Question 9

Which ligaments helps strengthen the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 9

Annular ligament

Question 10

What is the carrying angle?

Answer 10

In full extension of the elbow the ulna makes a valgus angle to accommodate for hips in arm swings

Question 11

Where is the olecranon bursa of the elbow joint found?

Answer 11

In subcutaneous tissue overlying the olecranon

Question 12

Where is the subtendinous bursa of the elbow joint found?

Answer 12

Between the olecranon and triceps brachii tendon

Question 13

What muscles are responsible for supination?

Answer 13

Supinator and biceps brachii (when there’s resistance)

Question 14

What muscles are responsible for protonation?

Answer 14

Protonator teres and protonator quadratus

Question 15

What are the muscles in the superficial compartment of the anterior forearm?

Answer 15

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 16

What muscle makes up the intermediate anterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 16

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 17

What muscles are found in the deep compartment of the anterior forearm?

Answer 17

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

Question 18

What is the nervous innervation for the superficial compartment of the anterior forearm?

Answer 18

All median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris which is ulnar nerve

Question 19

What is the nervous innervation of the intermediate and deep layer of the anterior forearm?

Answer 19

Media nerve except for medial half of flexor digitorum profundus which is ulnar nerve

Question 20

In what position is brachioradialis most effective at flexing the elbow?

Answer 20

When forearm is in the mid-prone position (lifting a cup)

Question 21

What is different about brachioradialis compared to other muscles of the posterior forearm?

Answer 21

Contributes to flexion not extensor

Question 22

What are the motor function of the median nerve?

Answer 22

Innervated flexor and pronator muscles of anterior forearm (except flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of FDP). Also thenar muscles and lateral two lumbricals in hand

Question 23

What is the sensory distribution of the median nerve?

Answer 23

Radial three and a half fingers on palmar surface and dorsum of their respective distal phalanges

Question 24

What are the motor functions of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 24

Innervates intrinsic muscles of the hand (except thenar and lateral lumbricals), flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of FDP

Question 25

What is the sensory distribution of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 25

Innervates the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the ulnar one and a half fingers, ulnar palm and dorsum of hand

Question 26

What is the lateral border of the cubical fossa?

Answer 26

Medial border of brachioradialis muscle

Question 27

What is the medial border of the cubical fossa?

Answer 27

Lateral border of pronator teres

Question 28

What is the superior border of the cubical fossa?

Answer 28

Hypothetical line between lateral and medial epicondyles of humerus

Question 29

What forms the floor of the cubical fossa?

Answer 29

Proximally, brachialis | Distally, supinator

Question 30

Which vessel in the cubital fossa can be accessed for venepuncture?

Answer 30

Median cubital vein

Question 31

What are the contents of the cubital fossa going from most lateral to medial?

Answer 31

Radial nerve, biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve | Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest

Question 32

What seven muscles are found in the superficial layer of the posterior forearm?

Answer 32

Brachioradialis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis), anconeus

Question 33

Which muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior forearm share a common origin on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, known as the common extensor origin?

Answer 33

Extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 34

What are the five deep muscles of the posterior forearm?

Answer 34

Supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis (brevis and longus), extensor indicis

Question 35

The radial nerve contains fibres from which spinal nerve roots?

Answer 35

C5-T1

Question 36

What is the sensory distribution of the radial nerve?

Answer 36

Posterior arm and forearm, lateral lower arm, dorsum of radial hand and radial three and a half fingers except distal phalanges

Question 37

What are the motor functions of the radial nerve?

Answer 37

Triceps brachii and extensor muscles of the posterior forearm