The economic impact of war Flashcards
What was the scorched Earth policy?
Hitler intended to seize Russian Farmland to use for German advantage
the German-occupied territory contained over 60% of Russian cole and iron
the establishment of wartime economy on the 30th of June 1941 meant the Soviet state had taken measures to ensure economic survival
the scorched Earth policy rendered much of its Farmland useless to the enemy
Where were Soviet factories transplanted to?
In 1941, over 1500 were transplanted to Siberia
Stalin capitalised on the industrial growth there and used it for military production
new railways were built and redirected to these industrial bases and front lines
How did the Soviets manage wartime economy?
managing wartime economy was easier for the USSR than the west due to its centralised planned economy
compulsory state orders allowed things to happen quickly
Peoples commissars were established to supervise wartime production
the whole population was harnessed for war and rigorous labour controls insured maximum production
What was the soviet’s industrial output?
By 1943 Russia’s industrial output exceeded Germany and its quality was superior
Russia produced some of the best weaponry in wartime such as the T-34 tank
What problems did Russia have with food?
the grain harvest in 1942 was only ⅓ of the 1940 harvest
so R suffered chronic food shortages
they survived through strict rationing and quotas on collective Farm
peasants were allowed to keep their private plots and sell their produce
What foreign aid did Russia received?
the west supplied essentials that Russia had limited production of such as lorries and telephones
over 17 million tons of military equipment and food was supplied by the West
the lend-lease scheme of 1941, meant 11 billion dollars of aid was provided by the USA
