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Specialised Anatomy SLP > The Ear > Flashcards

The Ear Flashcards

1
Q

The ear is composed of?

A

Bone
Cartilage
Ligament
Tendon

Flexible, though age related changes

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2
Q

What level of the speech chain is the ear involved in?

A

The perception level

The perception level is based around the role of the ear

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3
Q

Where does the structure of the ear sit?

A

Within the temporal bone

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4
Q

What is the ears role?

A

To analyse sound according to changes in frequency across time

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5
Q

How do sounds change?

A

In amplitude and mode of transmission

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6
Q

Where to sounds travel through?

A

Outer, middle, cochlea and auditory tube

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7
Q

What does the outer ear do?

A

Works as a transmitter or receiver- particular shape which can move sound particles to hole of ear

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8
Q

What is the outer ear composed of?

A

The pinna and the auricle

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9
Q

What is the auricle made up of?

A

Cartilage and fat tissue, it is the hole of the ear

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10
Q

What does the external auditory meatus contain?

A

Glands which produce wax

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11
Q

What is the external auditory meatus surrounded by?

A

Cartilage initially and then bone

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12
Q

What is the external auditory meatus?

A

The ear canal

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13
Q

What is the ear canal aka external auditory meatus?

A

A tube or channel- 2 half centimetres long and slightly curved. It filters out any dust and also amplifies sound waves. Conducts partially with high frequency sounds, helps distinguish between fricatives

Conducts sound energy

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14
Q

Where does the external auditory meatus end?

A

At the ear drum tympanic membrane

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15
Q

Describe the era drum tympanic membrane

A

Very thin
Layer of skin
Layer of mucous membrane
Layer of fibrous tissue

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16
Q

Ear particles reflect against what?

A

Tympanic bone like a drum- with higher frequencys different areas of the ear drum vibrate- with this sound is a series of vibrations

17
Q

What is another name for the middle ear?

A

Tympanic cavity

18
Q

What is the middle ear?

A

Auditory tube to nasopharynx

19
Q

What is within the tympanic cavity?

A

A series of bones and a few ligaments

20
Q

What does the middle ear create?

A

A channel of air between the nasopharynx and the middle ear

21
Q

What is the main job of the tympanic cavity

A

To deal with the vibrations of the ear drum

22
Q

There are 3 ossicles of the middle ear- what are they?

A

Malleus aka hammer
Incus aka anvil
Stapes aka stirrup

23
Q

What does ossicle mean?

A

Tiny bone

24
Q

What does the malleus connect to?

A

Ear drum

25
Q

The three ossicles connect up and do what?

A

Act like a lever between the two points

26
Q

What are the ossicles stabilised by?

A

Ligaments that attach themselves to the wall of the middle ear-they can move and vibrate but we can also use muscles to stop them vibrating-if sound is too loud by using muscles of the middle ear

27
Q

Ossicles increase movement of what?

A

Muscles

28
Q

Ossicles act as?

A

Bridge between air movements in the outer ear and fluid movements in the inner ear

29
Q

What are the two jobs of the bones?

A

Amplify sound waves and also help produce these movements

30
Q

What are the two muscles of the middle ear?

A

Tensor tympani - reduction of vibration

Stapedius

31
Q

What is the function of the tensor tympani and Stapedius?

A

Reduce the vibrations of these small bones (ossicles) and tighten them up so they cannot move as freely

32
Q

What is the oval window?

A

Opening into the middle ear

33
Q

The inner ear (bony labyrinth) is made up of?

A

Cochlear
Ova window
Semi-circular canals
Vestibule

34
Q

The semi circular canals of the inner ear are fluid contained and have hair cells. What do they signal?

A

Head movement- responds to movement of the head and sends signal back to brain

35
Q

The cochlear in the inner ear…

A

Oral window vibrates and this disturbs the fluid within the cochlea which goes into result in vibrations of the floor of cochlea

36
Q

What is the floor of the cochlea?

A

Basilar membrane- these are what we think of as sensory receptors

37
Q

Movement of hair cells will travel along the auditory nerve to the

A

Auditory cortex of the brain

38
Q

The floor of the cochlea is a basilar membrane and attaches to

A

Organ of corti (rows of hair cells)

Specialised Anatomy SLP (12 decks)

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