Pathways And Subcortical Regions And Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Pathways
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Limbic system
Basal ganglia
Cranial nerves

Answer 1

All involved in neural processing of speech

Question 2

The brainstem is

Answer 2

Channel for sensory and motor pathways

Question 3

The Limbic system is

Answer 3

Structures within cerebrum involved in emotions, motivations, memory and adaptive functions

Question 4

Limbic system is composed of

Answer 4

Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
And more

Question 5

Hippocampus lies deep within

Answer 5

Temporal lobe and consolidates information from short and long term memory

Question 6

Hippocampus is affected in

Answer 6

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 7

Amygdala is attached to

Answer 7

Hippocampus and processes fearful emotions

Question 8

Cerebellum has two hemispheres and connects to brainstem via

Answer 8

3 pathways

Question 9

The cerebellum ensures

Answer 9

Coordination of movement (important for balance) and damage to this affects production of steady movement

Question 10

Cerebellum is involved in

Answer 10

Coordination of the various muscle groups to produce a smooth flow of speech and swallowing

Damage - slurring of speech

Question 11

The cerebellum is the region of the brain that’s plays an important role in the

Answer 11

Integration of sensory perception and motor output

Attention, music and language

Question 12

Cerebellum and speech

Answer 12

Engaged in the control of up to 100 or so vocal tract muscles engaged in speech production

Question 13

Cerebral connections include

Answer 13

Projection tracts and association tracts

Question 14

Projection tracts are corticobulbar and corticospinal and involve

Answer 14

Long axons and cortex to brainstem/spinal cord

Question 15

Association tracts are arcuate fasciculus and are

Answer 15

Intrahemispheric (within and between lobes)

Question 16

Arcuate fasciculus connects

Answer 16

Speech and language cortical areas in frontal, temporal and parietal loves

Question 17

Corticobulbar/nuclear tract

Answer 17

Bulbar-brainstem
Fibres originate in primary motor cortex (cell bodies upper motor neurons)
End in brainstem
Fibres for control of facial, jaw, tongue, velopharyngeal and laryngeal muscles connect with lower motor neurons

Question 18

Corticospinal tract fibres originate in

Answer 18

Primary motor, pre motor, supplementary motor cortex (cell bodies)

End in spinal cord (lower motor neurons)

Question 19

Subcortical nuclei is composed of

Answer 19

Basal ganglia and thalamus