The Digestive System And Enzymes Flashcards
What are the three main molecules broken down into?
Starch is broken down into glucose by carbohydrases like amylase
Proteins are broken down into amino acids by proteases like pepsin
Lipids a are broken down into glycogen and fatty acids by lipases
What is digestion?
The breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed
What does the mouth do?
It produces saliva that moistens the food so it can be swallowed
It produces the carbohydrase amylase to break down the starch
It has mechanical chewing to form a bolus to be swallowed
what does the oesophagus do?
The oesophagus takes the food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalisis
What is peristalisis and where does it happen
Peristalisis is wavelike muscle contractions that push food down it occurs in the mouth
What does the stomach do?
The stomach pummels food and produces the protease PEPSIN. it also produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and to form the suitable condition for pepsin enzyme to work
What does the pancreas do?
Produces the suitable enzymes and releases them into the small intestine
What does the liver do?
The liver produces bile which neutralises stomach acids and emulsifies fats into soluble molecules
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores the bile and releases it into small. Intestine
What does the large intestine do
It removes excess water from food ready to make it into poo
What does the Anus do?
Poo
What does the small intestine do?
Produces the three types of enzyme to break down food completely and it is where food is absorbed into bloodstream. Pass through villi
What is the usual path of digestion
Mouth-oesophagus-stomach-small intestine-large intestine- rectum- Anus.
What does the rectum do?
Stores poo before releasing it into anus
What are extra features of system?
Villi(mention coeliac disease) peristalisis bile
