The defeat of the Germans Flashcards
reasons and results; post-war reconstruction; industry and agriculture
How did the victory in the GPW establish the USSR as a superpower
weakened other European powers
made the USSR the dominant military power in Europe
Germany was under occupation, economically destroyed and likely to be demilitarised
How did the USSR gain territory from the victory in the GPW
previously independent Baltic states, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and parts of East Prussia were incorporated into the USSR as republics
The red army had occupied many of the countries of East Central Europe and was in a position to establish pro-soviet regimes
How many people fled the advancing red army
12 million
How did Stalin’s paranoia show after the GPW
anxious about the economic power of the US and how it would be used in Europe
feared resurgence of Germany
ruthless in repressing citizens who had been outside of the USSR during the war
feared and distrusted many of his own people
How many soviet citizens died as a result of the GPW and how many of those were soldiers and civilians
20 million
7.5 million in the armed forces
over 12 million civilians
How many towns and villages were destroyed as a result of the GPW
1700 towns
70,000 villages
What did the German army do as they retreated
destroyed everything
houses, hospitals, factories, schools etc
How many were left homeless as a result of the GPW
25 million
How were families affected by the GPW
millions wounded or disabled had to be looked after by their families
thousands of widows and orphans
How were people in newly annexed territories and repatriated communities treated
many nationalist groups fought guerilla style wars against the Russian government for several years
mass deportations of opponents and members of leading political elites in these countries
forced back into collectives
What did Stalin announce in 1946
the victory in the GPW had demonstrated the vitality of the soviet socialist system and the 1930s model of soviet society was reimposed
What happened to Zhukov
accused of being involved in a plot against Stalin and sent to Odessa
How were returning red army soldiers treated
treated with suspicion as they had seen countries in the West with standards of living much above that of the USSR
What happened to POWs
order 270 had declared them traitors
many condemned to gulags
how many were in gulags after the GPW
2.5 million
when was the fourth FYP announced
1946
How much of the 4th FYPs expenditure was to be spent on Ukraine and why
1/3
been the most devastated by war and was very important for industry and agriculture
How much of the 4th FYPs invested was to be devoted to heavy industry and capital goods
85%
what was the target of the 4th FYP
to exceed to pre-war levels
What did Leningrad workers, students and unemployed people have to do
workers - contribute 30 hours a month extra to the FYP on top of their 8 hour day
Unemployed - 60 hours
students - 10 hours
How did foreign countries help the fourth FYP
huge amounts of material and equipment were transported to the USSR from enemy countries especially the soviet zone of Germany
sometimes whole factories and their workers were shifted to Russia
Soviet incomes by 1948
had climbed back up to the levels of 1938
when was the Dnieper dam operating again
1947
coal and steel production
passed pre-war figures
