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12E: Wars of the Roses, 1450-1471 > The Crisis of 1450 > Flashcards

The Crisis of 1450 Flashcards

1
Q

What position held by York from December 1447 prevented him from
personally intervening to aid his Norman affinity?

A

Lieutenant of Ireland

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2
Q

Which major Norman city did Somerset surrender in October
1449 in order to secure his personal freedom?

A

Rouen

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3
Q

Which Norman city, held by a follower of York for him, was
lost in June 1450, arguably due to Somerset’s cowardice?

A

Caen

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4
Q

Who was alleged to have been scheming to place Richard of
York on the throne as early as March 1450?

A

Sir William Oldhall

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5
Q

Which prominent financier and mentor of Suffolk had become
dominant in England by the 1440s before dying in 1447?

A

Cardinal Beaufort

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6
Q

Control of which group enabled Suffolk to dominate
government in the 1440s?

A

King’s household

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7
Q

What was the king’s household widely accused of by 1450?

A

Corruption

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8
Q

Whose inaction and disinterest arguably forced Suffolk to operate in a manner that was bound to fail eventually?

A

Henry VI

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9
Q

What was Suffolk effectively controlling for the king which created a conflict of interest for him as a noble?

A

Duchy of Lancaster

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10
Q

What was signed with France in 1444 when Suffolk’s faction was dominant?

A

Treaty of Tours

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11
Q

Who was Henry VI unpopularly married to in 1445, for which Suffolk was unfairly blamed?

A

Margaret of Anjou

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12
Q

Which territory was surrendered to the French by the Suffolk-dominated government in 1448?

A

Maine

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13
Q

Which territory was the Suffolk-led government blamed for losing in 1449-1450?

A

Normandy

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14
Q

Which Breton town was captured by Suffolk’s captain, Francois de Surienne, on 29 March 1449, breaking the truce with the French?

A

Fougeres

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15
Q

Which Breton duke was driven into an alliance with Charles VII of France by the attack on Fougeres in March 1449?

A

Francis I

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16
Q

Which government official was killed by a mob of unpaid soldiers at Portsmouth on 9 January 1450?

A

Adam Moleyns

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17
Q

When was Suffolk arrested as unrest grew throughout the country?

A

28 January 1450

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18
Q

For how many years did Henry VI banish Suffolk in an attempt to save his life?

A

Five

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19
Q

Where was Suffolk’s body found after his ship was intercepted by English rebels in May 1450?

A

Kent

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20
Q

Which pro-French war uncle of Henry VI was Suffolk widely blamed for the death of in 1447?

A

Humphrey of Gloucester

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21
Q

Which potential ‘Lancastrian’ heiress did Suffolk marry to his son John in early 1450?

A

Margaret Beaufort

22
Q

When was the Norman capital Rouen surrendered to the French by Suffolk’s ally, the Duke of Somerset?

A

October 1449

23
Q

When was Jack Cade’s Rebellion?

A

May-July 1450

24
Q

The loss of control of Normandy led to increases in what?

A

French piracy

25
Q

When were the English ports Rye and Winchelsea burnt down by the French?

A

1448

26
Q

Where did the majority of the soldiers return to after Normandy fell?

A

South East England (Kent)

27
Q

Where did Jack Cade’s Rebellion originate?

A

Kent

28
Q

What did Jack Cade change his surname to?

A

Mortimer

29
Q

When did Cade change his surname to Mortimer?

A

June 1450

30
Q

What symbol, formerly associated with the deposed Richard II, was used as the name of the inn where Cade stayed?

A

White Hart

31
Q

Cade’s complaint explicitly denied that the rebels intended to replace Henry VI with whom?

A

Richard of York

32
Q

Which battle on 15 April 1450 was a decisive defeat for English forces in Normandy?

A

Formigny

33
Q

Who was the hated and corrupt former sheriff of Kent?

A

William Crowmer

34
Q

What did William Crowmer, former Sheriff of Kent, become notorious for?

A

Corruption

35
Q

How much was the crown’s debt increasing by each year?

A

£20,000

36
Q

What was the total debt of the English Crown by 1450?

A

£372,000

37
Q

What territorial loss was linked to Jack Cade’s Rebellion?

A

Normandy

38
Q

How many formal complaints were made by the Jack Cade’s Rebellion?

A

Fifteen

39
Q

In what year was Normandy lost to the French?

A

1450

40
Q

Which prominent Yorkist was later accused of inciting the Jack Cade’s rebels in order to put York on the throne?

A

Sir William Oldhall

41
Q

Which bishop of Salisbury, associated with Suffolk and the king’s marriage, was murdered in Wiltshire in June 1450?

A

William Ayscough

42
Q

Which corrupt supporter of Suffolk’s, and father-in-law of William Crowmer, was killed by Cade’s rebels?

A

Lord Saye

43
Q

Imports of what into England fell to barely a quarter of what they had been after the war with France restarted?

A

Wine

44
Q

Which two household men with close ties to Suffolk were specifically mentioned as corrupt enemies by the rebels?

A

Thomas Daniel and John Trevelyan

45
Q

What blocked English trade to Germany and the Baltic in retaliation for English piracy, prompting anger from Cade’s rebels?

A

Hanseatic League

46
Q

Who returned to London from Normandy on 1 August 1450, taking over leadership of the king’s household?

A

Edmund Beaufort (Somerset)

47
Q

When did Richard of York return from Ireland claiming a conspiracy against him and his family?

A

September 1450

48
Q

Where did York tour in October 1450 gathering armed support from the Duke of Norfolk?

A

East Anglia

49
Q

When did the York-supporting Commons in parliament petition for action to be taken against Somerset?

A

November 1450

50
Q

When was Somerset assaulted by a mob and placed in the Tower of London for his own protection?

A

December 1450

12E: Wars of the Roses, 1450-1471 (11 decks)

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