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12E: Wars of the Roses, 1450-1471 > Queen Margaret's Triumph, 1456-1459 > Flashcards

Queen Margaret's Triumph, 1456-1459 Flashcards

1
Q

When did Richard of York’s ‘second protectorate’ end?

A

25 February 1456

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2
Q

By when had most of York’s appointees to government been replaced with ‘Lancastrian’ ones?

A

October 1456

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3
Q

Which moderate noble family was removed from prominence in government by the end of 1456?

A

Bourchiers

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4
Q

With whom was Richard of York involved in a confrontation with, on behalf of the crown, from May to August 1456?

A

James II of Scotland

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5
Q

When was Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, able to gain possession of Calais?

A

July 1456

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6
Q

Where was Richard of York threatened at a Great Council held in October 1456?

A

Coventry

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7
Q

What were not held between 1456 and 1459, for fear of York’s popularity with the Commons?

A

parliaments

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8
Q

Where did Henry VI, unusually spend more than half the time between September 1456 and July 1460?

A

Midlands

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9
Q

When did Queen Margaret leave London and establish a power base in the midlands?

A

April 1456

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10
Q

Which supporter of Queen Margaret was made Keeper of the Privy Seal in September 1456?

A

Lawrence Booth

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11
Q

Which confessor of Henry VI replaced Archbishop Thomas Bourchier as Chancellor on 11 October 1456?

A

William Waynflete

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12
Q

Who replaced Henry Bourchier as Treasurer on 5 October 1456?

A

John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury

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13
Q

Whose candidate was chosen, even ahead of the king’s nomination to be the new Bishop of Durham in 1457?

A

Queen Margaret

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14
Q

Which chaplain of the queen became Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield in 1459?

A

John Hale

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15
Q

Who emerged as a loyal Lancastrian supporter in South Wales but then died in November 1456?

A

Edmund Tudor

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16
Q

When were charges brought against two Yorkists after they raised forces against Edmund Tudor?

A

April 1457

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17
Q

Constableships of Aberystwyth and which other castle were transferred from York to Jasper Tudor on 21 April 1457?

A

Carmarthen

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18
Q

What did Margaret create in January 1457, in the name of her son, that allowed her to reward her followers?

A

prince’s council

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19
Q

Who raised a military force for Margaret in Cheshire in the Autumn 1459 under the Swan badge of the Prince of Wales?

A

Lord Audley

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20
Q

Whose son and heir was married to Queen Margaret’s cousin Marie in 1457 to secure the family’s support?

A

Earl of Devon

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21
Q

What did Queen Margaret shift the focus of in March 1458 onto the results of St Albans not the causes, reinforcing Yorkist blame?

A

Loveday

22
Q

When did Margaret Beaufort and Henry Stafford marry, further securing the support of the Staffords for the Lancastrians?

A

January 1458

23
Q

Whose daughter was married to Shrewsbury’s in July 1458, further binding Lancastrian lords together?

A

Duke of Buckingham

24
Q

Who was summoned to the king’s court to explain his acts of piracy as Captain of Calais in November 1458?

A

Earl of Warwick

25
Q

Who blocked Margaret’s attempts to punish Warwick for the violence involving his servants in November 1458?

A

Henry VI

26
Q

At which event, in March 1452, did Richard fail to confront the king due to lack of numbers?

A

Dartford

27
Q

Which Lancastrian leader and enemy to Richard of York was slain at the First Battle of St Albans?

A

Edmund Beaufort

28
Q

When was the First Battle of St. Albans?

A

22 May 1455

29
Q

What was secured by Richard of York after the Yorkist victory at the First Battle of St. Albans?

A

Second Protectorate

30
Q

What began with the deaths of the predominant leaders including Northumberland, Somerset and Clifford?

A

Blood Feuds

31
Q

What event on 24 March 1458 superficially attempted to heal the divisions between the nobles?

A

Loveday

32
Q

How much was Richard of York granted as a settlement for his role in the First Protectorate and a payoff from the Second Protectorate?

A

£1,800

33
Q

Which important office was Warwick appointed to in 1455?

A

Captain of Calais

34
Q

Which battle followed the battle of Blore Heath and led to the flight the Yorkists from England in October 1459?

A

Ludford Bridge

35
Q

Which country did Richard of York flee to after the Yorkist defeat at Ludford Bridge?

A

Ireland

36
Q

Where did Warwick, Salisbury and Edward of March flee to after Ludford Bridge?

A

Calais

37
Q

Which event in November-December 1459 witnessed the attainder of the Yorkists?

A

Parliament of Devils

38
Q

What were the Yorkists declared to be at the Parliament of Devils?

A

Rebels/Traitors

39
Q

What was forfeited to the crown from the Yorkists and their families in November 1459?

A

Lands and Goods

40
Q

What did Margaret unsuccessfully attempt to claim in 1453-54 during Henry VI’s madness?

A

Regency

41
Q

What happened to Henry VI which led to Richard of York’s First Protectorate?

A

Madness

42
Q

What did Margaret of Anjou begin to establish in 1456 when she moved the court to Coventry?

A

Her power base

43
Q

Which family came to support York from 1453 due to family ties and their rivalry with the Percies?

A

The Nevilles

44
Q

When was a Great Council meeting held in Coventry to which the Yorkists were not offered a safe conduct and do not seem to have attended?

A

June 1459

45
Q

Which family (including the Archbishop of Canterbury) were excluded from the Great Council of June 1459 due to their Yorkist sympthies?

A

Bourchiers

46
Q

Where were Salisbury’s forces intercepted by Lord Audley on 23 September 1459?

A

Blore Heath

47
Q

Who defected from Warwick’s forces to support Henry VI’s forces at Ludford Bridge?

A

Andrew Trollope

48
Q

Whose wife and young sons George and Richard fell into the king’s possession in late 1459?

A

Richard of York

49
Q

When did the so-called ‘parliament of devils’ first meet in Coventry?

A

20 November 1459

50
Q

What propaganda defence was written supporting the harsh measures against the Yorkists from the ‘parliament of devils’?

A

Somnium Vigilantis

51
Q

How many Yorkists were attainted at the Parliament of Devils?

A

Twenty-seven

52
Q

Who was appointed to replace Warwick as Captain of Calais on 9 October 1459?

A

Henry Beaufort

12E: Wars of the Roses, 1450-1471 (11 decks)

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