THE CRANIAL NERVES TEST #4

Question 1

How many pairs of cranial nerves do we have?

Answer 1

12 pairs

Question 2

The CNs are considered to be a part of?

Answer 2

PNS

Question 3

What is the function of CN?

Answer 3

To carry sensory and motor information to and from the receptors of the head, face, and neck.

Question 4

When it comes to a lesion on CN where are the symptoms?

Answer 4

on the Ipsilateral side.

Question 5

Olfactory Nerve what is it’s a function?

Answer 5

To smell though chemoreceptors in the nose

Question 6

Lesion on the unilateral side of olfactory nerve would cause?

Answer 6

There are no symptoms because the opposite olfactory nerve compensates for the lost sense of smell.

Question 7

If the lesion is bilateral in olfactory nerve this would cause?

Answer 7

Loss of sense of smell. and lack of olfactory functions

Question 8

What is Anosmia?

Answer 8

Lose the sense of smell

Question 9

Anosmia often occurs due to?

Answer 9

head injury

Question 10

How to test the Olfactory nerve?

Answer 10

One nerve at a time.
occlude vision
Block the patient’s nostrils on the side opposite to the side being tested.
Present one odor at a time
Allow for the patient to choose a specific odors if;
has difficulty identifying the odors by can easily smell them.
difficult with word-finding.

Question 11

Optic Nerve function is?

Answer 11

Visual acuity

Visual messages; pupillary reflexes, awareness of light and dark, the orientation of the head and eye movements.

Question 12

What are the lesion symptoms associated with optic nerve on unilateral side?

Answer 12

produces ipsilateral blindness

Question 13

What are the lesion symptoms associated with optic nerve on bilateral lesion

Answer 13

Produces bilateral blindness

Question 14

What are lesion symptoms of the oculomotor nerve?

Answer 14

Lateral strabismus
The eye deviated outward
causing diplopia or double vision

Question 15

What is Ptosis ?

Answer 15

Drooping of a body region in this case ipsilateral eyelid drooping.

Question 16

What is Nystagmus?

Answer 16

Involves back and forth movement of the eye in a quick jerky fashion.
Mostly due to CNS abnormality and can occur with or without external stimulation.

Question 17

What are the lesion symptoms of trochlear nerve ?

Answer 17

Difficulty moving eyeball down and laterally.
Pulling the eye up and medially
Difficulty walking down steps
Vertical diplopia in both near and far distance
Nystagmus

Question 18

Lesion symptoms of Trigeminal nerve what are they?

Answer 18

Sensation; Ipsilaterl loss of sensation to the head, face, and inner oral cavity.
Motor; Weakness chewing and jaw deviates to the affected side.

Question 19

Symptoms of a lesion in Abducens nerve will demonstrate what deformity of the eyes?

Answer 19

Turning inward of the eyeball that can cause double vision, diplopia, and nystagmus.

Question 20

The symptoms of the cranial nerve will present themselves as to what?

Answer 20

Decrease taste on the anterior of the tongue and decreased corneal reflex.

Question 21

The symptoms of the Vestibulocochlear nerve lesion will present as?

Answer 21

Auditory branch - deafness or tinnitus

Vestibular Branch - nystagmus, vertigo, decreased balance, protective responses, and changes in extensor tone.

Question 22

The lesion to the Glossopharyngeal nerve will result in symptoms?

Answer 22

Sensory - loss of sensation to the posterior tongue (bitter taste).
Motor - loss of gag and swallow reflex (Dysphagia)

Question 23

The Vagus Nerve lesion can have 3 types of branch lesions what are they?

Answer 23

Visceral, Bilateral visceral, and skeletal muscle.

Question 24

The visceral lesion will result in?

Answer 24

Tachycardia, dyspnea

Question 25

The bilateral visceral lesion will result in?

Answer 25

Asphyxia (suffocation)

Question 26

Skeletal Muscle lesion?

Answer 26

Dysphonia (hoarse voice), Dysphagia, Dysarthria ( difficulty articulating words clearly; slurring words).

Question 27

Accessory nerve lesion will result in symptoms?

Answer 27

Cranial nerve root lesion - dysphagia due to decreased laryngeal elevation.
Spinal nerve root lesion - weakness in flexing, extending, rotating head to the contralateral side, and elevating flexing the shoulders above 90 degrees on the ipsilateral side.

Question 28

Lesion to Hypoglossal nerve will result in symptoms?

Answer 28

Dysarthria - inability to produce required movement for sound and word formation
Ipsilateral deviation of the tongue
Dysphagia
Ipsilateral atrophy and paralysis of the tongue.