The Contemporary World

Question 1

_________________ is a process of , expanding various sociocultural and socioecological processes from national to transcultural level (Al-Rodhan, 2006)

Answer 1

Globalization

Question 2

__________________________ is a measurement of ________ and _______________________ to other global players through____________________________________________ (Altman et al., 2018)

Answer 2

Global Connected Index (GCI);flows; interconnectedness of a country; exchanges in trade, capitol, people, and information

Question 3

___________ also refers to ______________________ or makes it difficult for the movement of things

Answer 3

Solidity, barriers that prevent

Question 4

__________ can either be ___________ or ___________

Answer 4

Solids, natural, man-made

Question 5

Examples of natural solids are ____________ and __________________

Answer 5

landforms, bodies of water

Question 6

Man-made barriers include ___________________________ and _________________

Answer 6

the Great Wall of China, the Berlin Wall

Question 7

________________ refers to the _______________________________ of people, things, information, and places in the contemporary world

Answer 7

Liquidity, increasing ease of movement

Question 8

________________ refers to the _______________________________ as cultural inputs, economic factors, and political orientations of societies expand to create common practices, some economies, and similar forms of government

Answer 8

Homogeneity, increasing sameness in the world

Question 9

It is one of the products of homogeneity in economic globalization

Answer 9

Global Economic Crises

Question 10

It emphasizes the fact that cultures are essentially different and are only superficially aggected by global flows

Answer 10

Cultural Differentialism

Question 11

________________________ approach emphasizes the integration of local and global cultures (Cvetkovich and Kellner, 1997). Globalization is considered to be a creative process which gives free rise to hybride entities that are not reducible to either the global or the local

Answer 11

Cultural Hybridization

Question 12

____________________ approach stresses ______________ introduced by globalization. Cultures are deemed to be radically altered by strong flows

Answer 12

Cultura convergence, homogeneity

Question 13

___________________ happens when one culture __________________ on and tends to ____________ at least parts of another culture

Answer 13

Cultural imperialization, imposes itself, destroys

Question 14

One important critique of cultural imperialization is John Tomlinson’s idea of ________________________ of culture

Answer 14

“deterritorialization”

Question 15

It means that it is much more difficult to tie culture to a specific geographic point of origin

Answer 15

Deterritorialization

Question 16

________________________ is the _____________________________________________________________________________ and institutional set ups that promote faster and easier flow of goods and capital (Sugden and Wilson, 2005)

Answer 16

Economic globalization; expansion of national economies, the global market driven by modern technologies

Question 17

It denotes that the economies of various countries are more interconnected from extraction, production, distribution, consumption, to disposal of goods and services (Carfi and Schiliro, 2018)

Answer 17

Global Economy

Question 19

It is the expasion of national economies, the global market driven by modern technologies and institutional set ups that promote faster and easier flow of goods and capital (Sugden and Wilson, 2005)

Answer 19

Economic Globalization

Question 20

It denotes that the economies of various countries are more interconnected from extraction, production, distribution, consumption, to disposal of goods and services (Carfi and Schiliro, 2018)

Answer 20

Global Economy

Question 21

They are global financial institutions that support a country’s economic growth through support (i.e., loans, technical assistance) to governments and now other private sectors (Wood, 2019)

Answer 21

International Financial Institutions

Question 22

______________________________ is an international organization with ______ member countries that promotes _________________________________ and ___________________ to foster economic growth and high employment and to provide short-term financial assistance to countries to help ease balance of payments
adjustments (IMF, 2019)

Answer 22

International Monetary Fund, 183, international monetary cooperation, exchange stability

Question 23

It is a system of nongovernment institutions that operate across geographical borders and organize and mobilize for a common issue or cause (Keane, 2003: 8)

Answer 23

Global Civil Society

Question 24

_________________________ is an “____________ that engages in activities which add value (manufacturing, extraction, services, marketing, etc.) __________________________” (UCTC, 1991)

Answer 24

Global Corporation, enterprise, in more than one country

Question 25

_________________ is based on the theory of Wallerstein (1974) that recognizes that social and economic change is not only endogenous to a country, but is affected by its interaction to exogenous institutions, thus the focus on world- systems (Chase-Dunn, 2018)

Answer 25

World system

Question 26

It is a process of combining or increasing the
interconnectivity of national economies to the regional or global economies (Clark et al., 2018)

Answer 26

Economic Integration

Question 27

It is a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially in order to find work. Most global migration is from developing countries to developed ones, global migration patterns.

Answer 27

Global Migration

Question 28

It is the statistical study of human populations. Demography examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time

Answer 28

Global Demography

Question 29

________________________________ is the ________________________________________ from ambient concentrations of pollutants and other activities and processes such as improper land use and natural disasters

Answer 29

Environmental degradation, deterioration in environmental quality

Question 30

Global food security means ____________________________________________________________. It is, therefore, a priority of all countries, whether developed or less
developed

Answer 30

delivering sufficient food to the entire world population

Question 31

They are the result of companies trying to outmaneuver their competitors. While you search for the cheapest place to buy shoes, companies search for the cheapest place to make those shoes

Answer 31

Economic and Trade Globalization

Question 32

_____________________________ are closely related. We can see how different one key aspect of inequality in the contemporary world global economic nations are divided between the North and the South, developed and less developed, and the core and the periphery. These differences mainly reflect
income inequality

Answer 32

Globalization and inequality

Question 33

The two main types of economic inequality

Answer 33

Wealth Inequality and Income Inequality

Question 34

Wealth refers to the ______________ of a country

Answer 34

net worth

Question 35

Assets of a nation may be ________________________________ less the liabilities

Answer 35

natural, physical, and human

Question 36

____________ of a nation-may they be natural, physical, and human less

Answer 36

Assets

Question 37

It is the abundance of resources in a specific country

Answer 37

Wealth

Question 38

Wealth is the ______________________ in a specific country

Answer 38

abundance of resources

Question 39

_______________________ speaks about distribution of assets. However, there is no widely recognized, monetary measure that sums up these assets (Economist, 2012)

Answer 39

Wealth inequality

Question 40

__________________________ also contributed to _____________________________. It complemented skilled workers but replaced many unskilled workers

Answer 40

Access to technology, worldwide income inequality

Question 41

In _______________ economies, jobs are more technology-based. This is what economists referred to as _______________________________.

Answer 41

modernized, skill-based technological change

Question 42

In modernized economies, jobs are more ___________________

Answer 42

technology-based

Question 43

_____________________ refers to when _______________________ caused the differences some nations became economically developed while others were developing

Answer 43

“Economic Big Bang”, the Industrial Revolution

Question 44

The term First World originally refers to the capitalist, industrialized countries, member within the __________________ and ______________’ sphere of influence. (e.g. states of the NATO)

Answer 44

Western European, United States

Question 45

The term ______________ originally refers to the capitalist, industrialized countries, member within the Western European and United States’ sphere of influence. (e.g. states of the NATO)

Answer 45

First World

Question 46

The term _______________ refers to the former communist-socialist, industrial states, the territory and sphere of influence of the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic (Soviet Union). Communist Yugoslavia was the only eastern European country which was not aligned with the Soviet Union

Answer 46

“Second World”

Question 47

A _______________ country is an outdated and offensive term for a developing nation characterized by a population with low and middle incomes, and other socio-economic indicators

Answer 47

Third World

Question 48

It is typically defined as imbalances in the distribution of power, economic resources, and opportunities. It has manifested in American society in ways ranging from disparities in wealth, poverty rates, bankruptcy, housing patterns, and educational opportunities.

Answer 48

Racial Inequality