The Conservative Party

Question 1

where does traditional conservatism have its roots?

Answer 1

in the Tory Party of the 17th Century
defenders of hierarchy, ruling elite, Monarchy, CofE

Question 2

how did the Tory/Conservative party grow?

Answer 2

around Sir Robert Peel, defenders of property, opponent of revolutions + radicalism (gradual reform to preserve + protect traditional institutions- Conservative party)

Question 3

when was traditional conservatism highly successful?

Answer 3

in 19th/20th centuries

Question 4

who is One Nation Conservatism associated with?

Answer 4

Benjamin Disraeli

Question 5

why was One Nation Conservatism created?

Answer 5

Conservative support was decreasing- it was given as a solution
response to rise of socialism + marxism

Question 6

what did One Nation Conservatism aim to do?

Answer 6

bridge the gap between rich + poor through paternalism (remove need for revolution/give social reform)
overcome divide in class/economy divides

Question 7

what was One Nation Conservatism’s foreign policy?

Answer 7

‘patriotic’- followed to create national pride + shared economy benefit (e.g. colonialism- India, ppl in UK got better, others got worse)

Question 8

what did One Nation Conservatives accept after WWII?

Answer 8

-Labour’s welfare reform (NHS)
-Keynesian economics
-nationalised industry

Question 9

what did Thatcherism involve?

Answer 9

-cutting public spending + taxes
-privatisation of industries + introduction of competition + markets into areas under state control (e.g. schools + hospitals)
-reduction of TU power
-‘strong’ foreign policy- tough stance on USSR/Falklands War
-Eurosceptic- protecting sovereignty against EU

Question 10

who was Thatcher inspired by?

Answer 10

was inspired by Friedrich Hayek and Milton Friedman

Question 11

what was Post-Thatcherism?

Answer 11

major-softened vers. of Thatcherism, but continued privatisation

Question 12

what did Post-Thatcherism try to do?

Answer 12

reconcile the Eurosceptic + pro-European sides of the party

Question 13

what happened when H, DS, + H lost against in elections against Blair? (Post-Thatcherism)

Answer 13

party went into opposition
H- Hague
DS- Duncan Smith
H- Howard

Question 14

what was Cameron’s stance on Post-Thatcherism?

Answer 14

‘de-toxify’ the party from Thatcherism, ‘Liberal Conservatism’, social policies (e.g. legislation of gay marriage)
return to a more moderate one-nation conservatism (austerity?)

Question 15

what was May’s stance on Post-Thatcherism?

Answer 15

‘strong and stable’, Brexit chaos, continued austerity

Question 16

what was Johnson’s stance on Post-Thatcherism?

Answer 16

Brexit, COVID-19, some one-nation ideas, but also tough on law + order
hard to judge ideological position due to circumstances (unclear he has one)