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History Cold War > The Cold War Intensifies > Flashcards

The Cold War Intensifies Flashcards

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1
Q

Whuch country had the most convensinal weapons?

A

The Soviets

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2
Q

How much more powerfull was the H bomb than the A bomb?

A

1000X

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3
Q

What is an ICBM?

How far could it send a nuclear weapon?

A

Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile

4500Km

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4
Q

When was the Prime minister of Hungary executed?

A

June 1958

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5
Q

Why was the capture and execution of Nagy contrvertial?

A

He was arrested after leaving the Yucoslavian embecy after being prommised free passage to the west by Kadar

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6
Q

When did the USA developemthe atomic bomb?

A

1945

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7
Q

When did the Soviets develope an atomic bomb?

A

1949

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8
Q

When did the USA develope the Hydrogen bomb?

A

1952

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9
Q

When did the Soviet Union develope the Hydrogen bomb?

A

1953

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10
Q

When did the US develope the ICMB?

A

1957

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11
Q

When did the USSR develope a ICBM?

A

1957 a few months after the US

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12
Q

What did the arms race achieve?

A

Ruined the USSR’s economy and the US’s economy suffered

Didn’t give each side much of an advantage

Mutaly Assured Destruction (MAD)

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13
Q

What did the 2 superpowers spend there money on?

A

Mostly more powerfull nuclear bombs, bigger armys, submarines, navies and stocks of conventinal weapons (normall bombs ect)

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14
Q

What did MAD mean?

Why did each side continute to develoe new weapons?

A

Muatualy Assured Destruction

By the 1950’s both sides could destroy each other many times over so no side would risk fighting because it would mean there own destruction

The nuclear weapons were ment as a deterrent

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15
Q

Who was the new president of the USA?

When?

A

January1953

Eisenhower

Winning the presidentsl election of 1952

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16
Q

What was Eisenhowers presidential campaign about?

A

It targeted communism

Eisenhower and his secretary of state were anti-communist

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17
Q

Who was the secetary of state in 1953?

A

John Foster Dulles

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18
Q

When did Stalin die?

A

4th March 1953

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19
Q

What happened after Stalin died?

A

There was a power struggle in the USSR because Stalin never named a sucsessor

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20
Q

Who become the new leader of the Soviet Union when?

A

Nikita Khrushchev

1956

21
Q

How did Khrushchev initialy improve relations with the west?

A

At the Party Congress in that year he openly critizised Stalin and his policies.

He suggested a peacefull co-existence wih the west.

This was known as the epsecret speach

He also started destalinisation

22
Q

Why were peope hopefull of decreased tentions between the superpowers and a solution to the cold war in 1953?

A

New leaders

The korean war came to an end in July 1953

Both the USA and USSR wanted to decrease spending on there armys

23
Q

When did the korean war start and end?

A

1950-July 1953

24
Q

In the Korean war who supported each side?

A

South - USA, NATO

North- China, USSR

25
Q

How did the korean war start?

A

North Korea invaded South Korea

26
Q

What was agreed in the Geneva 1955

A

In July 1955. The superpowers agreed in how Austria should be governed.

However agreements wern’t made about the future of Germnay

27
Q

What year did the Geneva summit happen? (1950’s)

A

July 1955

28
Q

What happened to end the optimism of a resolved cold war?

A

In May 1955, Wets Germnay joined Nato and the Warsaw pact was announced.

29
Q

When did the Hungarian Uprising happen?

A

1956

30
Q

Why were the people of Hungary protesting?

A

Lack of political freedom
Poor harvests
Problems created by fuel shortages
In October there were riots in Budapest (capital). Police clashed with protesters which angered people.

31
Q

What did do Khrushchev try and solve the problem in Hungary?

A

He replaced Rakosi with Imre Nagy who was a communist who belived that people needed more freedom.

Khrushchev hoped that this appointment would end the protests

32
Q

What did Nagy do when he became prime minister?

A

He reorginised the 1 party rule in Hungary and let non communist partys compete
He autherised the release of many Hungarian prisoners who were falsly imprisoned
He peruaded Khrushchev to remove troops from Hungary

In early November Nagy announced that Hingary would leave the Warsaw Pact

33
Q

How did Khrushchev respond to Nagy’s reforms?

A

He was willing to accept them to get peace in Hungary

However he couldn’t allow Hungary to leave the Warsaw Pact because otherwise other countrys may follow

34
Q

When did the Soviets invade Hungary?

What happened?

A

4th November 1956

1,000 tanks rolled into Budapest. The people onHungary put up a fight and begged the west for support however no support came

35
Q

How many Hungarians died?

A

Up to 20,000

36
Q

Who replaced Nagy?

A

Nagy was replaced by Janos Kadar

37
Q

Why may have past events influenced the Hungarian Uprising?

A

Hungarians thought that the Truman Doctrine would make USA send help - however the Truamn doctrine said it would contain communism not help already “lost” countrys

Nagy and his supporters thought that because of the secret speach Khrushchev may take a softer approach.

38
Q

What did Nagy say in his last telegram?

A

He asked for support from the west

39
Q

What was the Polish Thaw?

A

In the summer of 1956 Gomulka managed to stave on an armed invasion that prommising that Poland didn’t want to leave the Warsaw Pact?

40
Q

Who was the leader of Poland in the summer of 1956?

A

Gomulka

41
Q

Why didn’t the US fight with the Hungarians?

A

The truman doctrine didn’t include deffending countrys already lost to communism

It could of triggered a nuclear war

42
Q

What effects did the Hingarian Uprising have?

A

Secured Khrushchev’s position and reputation.
He knew the US were unlikly to be use military force so Khrushchev was able to be more firm with the west.

It made the US look as if they wern’t ready to back up there words because they didn’t help Hungary.

The US made anti communism propaganda about it and stronoy condemmed the Soviet Union’s actions

43
Q

What happened on the 23rd october 1956?

A

Students demenstrations started

44
Q

What happened on the 24rd october 1956?

A

Khrushchev agreed Nagy could become the prime minister of Hungary

45
Q

What happened in early november 1956?

A

Nagy announces Hungary will leave the Warsaw Pact

46
Q

What happened on the 28rd october 1956?

A

Soviet army withdrew from Hungary. Government gives the people free elections and free speach

47
Q

What happened on the 4th November 1956?

A

Soviets come back to Hingary and after bloody streat battles the Soviets regained controll

48
Q

What effects did the Hungarian revolution have on Hungary?

A

Many people died
ISSR made life harder
Living conditions became worse
Budapest was in ruins

49
Q

Why could the Soviet Union nit affprd to let Hungary go?

A

They provided the USSR with iron

History Cold War (9 decks)

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