The cognitive approach Flashcards
What is the cognitive approach?
Explaining behaviour in terms of information processing
What is inference?
Reaching a logical conclusion on the basis of evidence and reasoning
Why is inference important in the cognitive approach?
Because mental processes cannot be directly observed
What is a schema?
A cognitive framework that helps us to organise and interpret new information
Why can schemas be problematic?
Because they cause us to exclude information that doesn’t align with our pre-existing beliefs
What is a consequence of schemas?
We may develop stereotypes
What are theoretical models?
Simplified models of particular mental processes
Give 2 examples of theoretical models?
The multi-store model of memory and the working memory model
What are computer models?
Models that use computer analogies to represent human cognition
What are the 3 components of behaviour according to computer models?
Input, processing and output
What is cognitive neuroscience?
An area of psychology dedicated to the underlying neural bases of cognitive functions
Give 2 examples of techniques used in cognitive neuroscience?
PET scans and fMRI scans
