The Civil War Flashcards
When had Bolshevik forces seize control of Moscow?
2 November 1917
When was the Battle of Pulkovo Heights? What occurred?
30 October 1917.
Military Commissars lead Red Guards and Kronstadt sailors in defence of Petrograd against General Krasnov + Cossacks.
Kerensky left Russia.
Which Cossack regions were hostile to the Bolshevik government?
Don, Kuban, Ukraine.
What did General Alekseev do in December 1917?
Began recruiting Volunteer Army of former tsarist officers.
Based in Ukraine.
Attracked Cossack forces.
General Kornilov becomes involved.
Why did Kadet politicians join the White resistance?
Appalled by the Treaty of BL.
How many soldiers were in the Czech legion?
40 000
Why did fights break out between the Czech Legion and Red Army?
Large presence of armed men antagonised locals. Czechs were incensed by Bolsheviks demands that they disarm.
What occurred on 22 May 1918?
The Czech Legion defeated local military forces and overthrew regional Soviet authorities.
What was established on 8 June 1918?
SR-lead government, Komuch (Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly). Formed by Czech Legion at the town of Samara.
What did the Komuch do?
Formed the People’s Army.
People’s Army + C.Legion advance against Soviet authorities in central Siberia.
When was Kazan captured, and by whom?
August 1918. People’s Army + C.Legion.
How did C.Legion create motivation for other groups to organise against Bolsheviks?
Using the Trans-Siberian railway to overthrow Soviet forces in various regions.
What occurred on 23 February 1918?
Trotsky as Commissar of War founds the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, to fight against the White Armies.
When was Ekaterinodar sieged, and by who?
10 April 1918. Volunteer army.
What did the Volunteer Army do in May 1918?
Takes control of Novocherkassk aided by Cossacks and Germans.
When did White Armies capture Ekaterinodar?
18 August 1918
When was the Red Army counter offensive against White Armies? When were remaining forces of Volunteer Army evacuated?
October 1919.
March 1920.
Who were the groups who joined the White Army?
Monarchists, patriots (angered by treaty of BL), republicans, bourgeoisie and upper classes, minorities (such as Cossacks_).
Who were the most dangerous threats to the Bolsheviks in late 1918?
Armed Forces of South Russia
Kolchak’s Siberian Forces
North-Western Army
Foreign Interventionists.
Who led the Armed Forces of South Russia? What was their campaign like? How long did they work from?
General Denikin.
Campaign that came within 300km of Moscow in November 1919.
Forced to retreat in early 1920 at Irkutsk.
1918-1920.
When was the Komuch reorganised into the Provisional All-Russian Government? Where were they based?
Late September 1918.
Siberian city: Omsk.
Who took control of the SR government in November 1918?
War Minister, Admiral Kolchack.
From when did Kolchak’s White Army fight against Bolshevik control?
When was Kolchak executed?
From March 1919.
Kolchak exerted in 7 February 1920.
Poor military leader.
Who was the North-Western Army led by? Where were they based? When did they form?
General Yudenich. Baltic regions. October 1918.
When did the North-Western White Army launch their two campaigns against Petrograd? Who were they defeated by?
How many men did they have at their peak?
May and November 1919.
Trotsky.
14 400 men.
When was Yudenich’s army interned in Estonia? When did Yudenich emigrate?
November 1918.
After being arrested by Estonian authorities Yudenich emigrated in 1920.
Who were the Foreign Interventionists?
Germans, Britons, and Americans.
What did British and Commonwealth troops do in March 1918? Under who’s command?
Take control of northern port cities; Murmansk and Archangel.
General Miller.
When did Japanese forces land in Vladivostok? Who were the joined by, and when?
April 1918.
Joined by American and British troops in August 1918.
Who did British and French navies offer their support to around the Black Sea?
Denikin in the Black Sea.
