February Revolution

Question 1

How many workers marched in commemoration of Bloody Sunday on 9 January 1917?

Answer 1

150,000 in Petrograd

Question 2

What happened on 21 February 1917?

Answer 2

Putilov steel factory shuts down, forcing thousands of workers onto the streets

Question 3

What occurred on 23 February 1917?

Answer 3

Thousands of women march on Petrograd to mark International Women’s Day, demanding equality and access to more bread. 100,000 more workers join them to demand bread.

Question 4

How many workers were on the streets of Petrograd on 25 February 1917?

Answer 4

300 000 workers

Question 5

What did the Tsar order to General Khabalov on 25 February 1917?

Answer 5

To stop the “disorders” in the capital

Question 6

How did crowds respond to Khabolov’s banning of public gatherings in the capital?

Answer 6

26 February 1917: They gather. Several are shot upon by the crowd.

Question 7

Who was the president of the Duma in February 1917? What did he say to the tsar after the 26th?

Answer 7

Rodzianko; “Popular risings…are taking on uncontrollable and threatening dimensions. Their cause is a shortage of baked bread..But the main reason is the absolute distrust of the authorities…Your majesty, save Russia….summon a person in whome the whole country can have faith and entrust him with the formation of a government that all the people can trust.

Question 8

How does the Tsar respond to Rodzianko’s request?

Answer 8

Dismisses the Duma on 26 Feb

Question 9

What occured on 27 February 1917?

Answer 9

Petrograd garrison mutinies; only troops capable of enforcing the tsars authority.

Question 10

Why did the Petrograd garrison mutiny? How many men were in the garrison?

Answer 10

Lived in cramped conditions, comprised of mostly peasants and workers and identified with victims of shootings.

Question 11

What did the Duma do after the Petrograd garrison mutinied? When did this occur?

Answer 11

Formed a group of 12 known as the Provisional Committee to restore order. 27 February.

Question 12

What did the Petrograd Soviet of Soldiers, Sailors and Workers Deputies call the Provisional Committee to do?

Answer 12

Immediate elections

Question 13

Who were the two groups ruling Petrograd by 28 February? Which person was a member of both?

Answer 13

Provisional Committee; mostly middle class members of the duma, reflects ideology of Progressive Bloc.
Petrograd Soviet; representing the lower-class workers, soldiers, and sailors.
Alexander Kerensky

Question 14

What did the Provisional Government do to appease the people?

Answer 14

“Freedom of speech, the press, unions, assembly, and strikes…Abolition of all class, religious, and national restrictions….Immediate preparations for the convocation – on the basis of universal, equal, direct and secret suffrage- of a constituent assembly which will establish the form of government and the constitution of the country…Replacement of the police by a people’s militia with an elected command, subordinate to the organs of local self-government.”

Question 15

When did the Tsar abdicate?

Answer 15

2 March 1917

Question 16

What were reactions to the tsars abdication?

Answer 16

Non Russian capitals see this as a release of their nations.
Peasant accept the revolution.
Old imperial symbols destroyed across Russia.
Allied powers recognise the government.

Question 17

What did the Provisional Committee rename itself to on 2 March? Who was the prime minister?

Answer 17

Provisional Government. Prince Lvov; head of All Russian Union of Towns and All Russian Union of Zemstva.

Question 18

What were the majority of Ministers of the Provisional Government political views?

Answer 18

Liberals and moderates

Question 19

What was Alexander Kerensky’s positional in the Provisional Government.?

Answer 19

Socialist Revolutionary

Question 20

What did the Minister of War Guchov say of power dynamics of Petrograd in March 1917?

Answer 20

“The Provisional Government does not possess any real power; and its directives are carried out only to the extent that it is permitted by the Soviet…which enjoys all the essential elements of real power, since the troops, the railroads, the post, and telegraph are all in its hands. One can say flatly that the Provisional Government exists only so long as it is permitted by the Soviet. “

Question 21

What did the Petrograd Soviet release on 1 March 1917?

Answer 21

Soviet Order Number 1; placed itself in control of the military and agreed to follow the duma “in such cases as they do not conflict with the orders and resolutions of the Soviet.”

Question 22

What were in the populist degrees released by the provisional government?

Answer 22

trade unions recognised. an eight hour day introduced for industrial workers. The Okhrana is abolished, freedom of speech, assembly, and press introduced. - Universal suffrage announced, political prisoners were freed and there was a commitment to convene a democratic constituent assembly.

Question 23

What was wrong with the Provisional government?

Answer 23

• Provisional government could not alleviate the concerns of the average citizen; peasant access to land, conduct of the war and the supply of food and fuel.
• Unwilling to convene elections too quickly as they had simply seized power.