Kronstadt Rebellion Flashcards
Why were Kronstadt sailors discontent?
Grain requisitioning, military style approach to the workplace, ‘labour armies’, guerrilla fighters, soldiers in labour parties want to go Hom, shortages of coal and fuel led to closure of industries,, unemployment.
Why was martial law declared in late February 1921?
Thousands of Moscow and Petrograd works went on strike over cutbacks in their bread rations and military methods imposed in factories
What did a member of the Kronstadt sailor delegation sent to Petrograd say of conditions in 1921?
One might have thought that these were not factories but the forced labour prisons of tsarist times.
What occurred on 22 January 1921?
Bread rations were reduced by one third.
Anti-Bolshevik protests by 10,000 workers from metals factories and shipyards.
What occurred on 28 February 1921?
Sailors of battleship Petropavlovsk mutiny.
What occurred on 1 March 1921?
Sailors rally in Kronstadt’s Anchor Square. Meeting was chastised by Soviet CEC chairman Kalinin.
What were sailors calling for on their protest on 1 March 1921?
Condemned communist “comissarocracy”, called for new soviet elections without Bolsheviks, demanded greater freedom of speech and press, release of prisoners, end of requisitioning, disbanding labour armies. Accused Communists of betraying the original goals of the Revolution.
When did Trotsky order 50 000 Red Army soldiers to launch an offensive under General Tukhachevsky?
7 March 1921
How many Kronstadt sailors fought against the Red Army?
16 000
How many Red Army and Kronstadt sailors died?
10 000 Red Army
5000 Kronstadt
How did Victor Serge describe the Kronstadt rebellion?
“The beginning of a ghastly fratricide…a senseless and criminal agony.”
What did Communists do on 17 March 1921?
Sent in Chekists who executed 2329 sailors and 6459 to prison or labour camps. Thousands escaped to Finland.
What was a major impact of the Kronstadt rebellion?
Lenin realised that the economic system had to change.
What did Shiela Fitzpatrick say of the Kronstadt revolt?
The Kronstadt revolt seemed a symbolic parting of the ways between the working class and Bolshevik Party…The Soviet regime, for the first time, had turned its guns on the revolutionary proletariat.
When did 10,000 workers go on anti-Bolshevik protests in 1921? Who supported them?
23 February. Mensheviks and SRs
