The Cervix In Pregnancy Flashcards
What are methods to assess the cervix? 3
- Trans abdominal sonographic approach
- Translabial sonographic approach
- Transvaginal sonographic approach
What is a limitation of trans abdominal ultrasounds?
Need a partially full bladder
What happens if we pass the limitation for the trans abdominal ultrasound?
If the bladder is too full the over distended bladder will result in a falsely elongated cervix
What does this image demonstrate?
A transabdominal cervix
What does this image demonstrate?
An over distended bladder when and the effect it has on the cervix for a trans abdominal exam
What does this image demonstrate?
A uterine contraction
How do we measure a uterine wall and contraction?
When do we utilize translabial ultrasound?
Utilized when ruptured membranes have occurred
Translabial ultrasounds can be performed with what condition?
Placenta Previa
What are some benefits and disadvantage of doing a translabial ultrasound?
Benefit: Empty bladder
Disadvantage: Gas in the rectum
What does this image demonstrate?
Translabial ultrasounds
What is the most accurate method of measuring the cervix?
Transvaginal
How far do we insert the probe for a Transvaginal ultrasound?
3 to 4cm
What is the Transvaginal ultrasound contraindicated with?
Ruptured membranes
Transvaginal ultrasounds may cause what?
Bleeding or contractions
What does the cervix look like sonographically?
Echogenic canal: may appear hypoechoic on occasion
What does this image demonstrate?
Translabial ultrasound
What is the length of the normal cervix?
Lower limit of normal is 30mm or 3cm
any shorter than 3cm = shortening or effacement
What are the cervix ranges for effacement?
- 15mm corresponds with 50% effacement
- 10 mm corresponds with 75% effacement
What does this image demonstrate?
The cervical gland area in EV
What is happening in the below images? Label what is happening from left to right
- Cervix is not effaced
- Cervix is 50% effaced
- Cervix is fully effaced
What is funneling of the cervix?
Defined as herniation of the fetal membranes into the internal OS, but the external os remains closed
Funneling of the cervix is a early sign of what/
Incompetent cervix
Funneling of the cervix has a increased risk of what?
Preterm delivery