Labour And Delivery

Question 1

What happens to the female pelvis during Labour? 4 (uterus, cervix, mucus plug, membrane)

Answer 1

1. Regular, patterned uterine fundal contraction
2. Progressive effacement and dilation of Cervix
3. Loss of the mucus plug
4. Rupture of membranes

Question 2

What is the sign of mucus plug?

Answer 2

Bloody show

Question 3

What is the sign for rupture of membranes?

Answer 3

Water breaking

Question 4

What happens during the first stage of labour? 3

Answer 4

1. Progressive cervical effacement and dilation
2. Descent of fetus into the maternal pelvis
3. Regular contractions

Question 5

How long does the first stage of labour last?

Answer 5

12-24 hours

Question 6

What is the normal progression time for the first stage of labour for the cervix dilation?

Answer 6

1cm/hr

Question 7

What happens during the second stage of labour?

Answer 7

Cervix is fully dilated&raquo_space;> birth of the baby (pushing)

Question 8

How long does the second stage of labour last? 2

Answer 8

Variable
1. Average 50 minutes - primagravida
2. 20 minutes- multifarious

Question 9

What happens during the third stage of labour?

Answer 9

Birth to expulsion of placenta

Question 10

How long is the third stage of labour?

Answer 10

About 10 minutes

Question 11

What hormone is released in third stage?

Answer 11

Oxytocin

Question 12

What is critical for labour?

Answer 12

Fetal position

Question 13

What is the most common position for fetal position?

Answer 13

Cephalic position

Question 14

What is the percentage of fetus’s that are in breech position?

Answer 14

4%

Question 15

What is dystocia?

Answer 15

Difficult birth

Question 16

What is Dystocia often referred to?

Answer 16

Dysfunctional labour

Question 17

What happens during dysfunctional labour? 2

Answer 17

1. Failure to progress- cervix not changing with contractions
2. Administration of oxytocin through an IV

Question 18

What are some signs of dystocia? 4

Answer 18

1. Dysfunctional labour
2. Disproportion of the fetal head to the maternal pelvis
3. Mass obstructing the way
4. Abnormal presentation or position - shoulder, face

Question 19

What are some symptoms of Dystocia? 3

Answer 19

1. Placenta previa
2. Abruption
3. PROM

Question 20

When is induction of labour performed? 8

Answer 20

1. Mild aburption
2. IUGR
3. Post dates
4. Amnionitis
5. PROM
6. Maternal disease
7. Fetal death
8. Hx of quick delivery but great distance from hospital

Question 21

What is meconium?

Answer 21

Black tarry substance in the neonates first bowel movement

Question 22

What is meconium aspiration?

Answer 22

When the baby has the first bowel movement in utero or in distress

Question 23

What is a risk of meconium aspiration?

Answer 23

If the fetus inhales meconium before birth

Question 24

When is a C- section done? 7

Answer 24

1. Footling or incomplete breech
2. Prolonged membrane rupture and no uterine contractions/ labour has begun
3. Fetal distress
4. Dysfunctional labour (not progressing)
5. > 4kg weight
6. Small maternal pelvis
7. Social

Question 25

What are some diagnostic tests done in LND? 3

Answer 25

1. L/S ratios
2. Non stress test
3. Fetal scalp blood gases

Question 26

Are sonographers invited into LND?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

What do we call a non stress test with contractions?

Answer 27

Stress test