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Biology > The cell > Flashcards

The cell Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organelle

A

A specialised cellular part that has a special function

Eg mitochondrion

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2
Q

Protoplasm

A

Nucleus and cytoplasm

Living parts of the cell

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3
Q

Cytosol

A

Liquid part of a cell where glycolysis occurs

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4
Q

Cell ultrastructure

A

The detail of a cell as seen under an electron microscope

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5
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Organisms whose cell contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
Eg plants and animals

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6
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Organisms whose cells do not contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
Eg bacteria

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7
Q

Permeable

A

Let everything in and out (cell wall)

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8
Q

Semi permeable

A

Let some things in and out (cell membrane , vacuole)

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9
Q

Impermeable

A

Let nothing in and out

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10
Q

Turgor

A

Pressure of the cell contents (vacuole & cell membrane) against cell wall

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11
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Where all chemical reactions take place

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12
Q

Mitochondrion

A 
"Powerhouse of the cell" 
Respiration occurs
More infolding= more energy production
Contains dna
Inherited from mother
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13
Q

Ribosomes

A

Make protein
Protein synthesis occurs
Structure- rRNA joins two subunits of ribosome together

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14
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls entry and exit of substances

Retains cells contents (keeps everything in)

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15
Q

Structure of cell membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer : lipid tails in centre, phosphate heads on outside, proteins embedded at random
draw

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16
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls cell

Transcription occurs

17
Q

Structure of nucleus

A

Double membrane
Pores- allow entry/exit of molocules
Contains dna(chromosomes)
Nucleolus-make ribosomes

18
Q

Chloroplast

A

Photosynthesis occurs
Contains pigment chlorophyll
Contains dna

19
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Absorbs sunlight

Contains electrons

20
Q

Chloroplast structure

A

Light stage of photosynthesis : granum

Dark stage: stroma

21
Q

Cell wall

A

For shape support and strength

Composed of cellulose (a polysaccharide) -gives strength

22
Q

Vacuole

A 
Supports cell (involved in turgor pressure)
Stores salts sugars and pigments

Biology (8 decks)

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