The Cell

Question 1

List, describe, and explain the 3 types of junctions

Answer 1

Tight Junctions- Tightly stitched seams between animal cells, they prevent movement between cells
Gap Junctions- Narrow tunnels between animal cells, they allow communication between cells
Desmosomes- Protein attachments between adjacent animal cells, they hold together tissues that undergo a lot of stress like the heart

Question 2

Explain the steps of Mitosis

Answer 2

Prophase- The chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids
Metaphase- the chromosomes meet in the middle of the cell and attach to the spindle fibers
Anaphase- the chromosomes pull apart and move to opposite poles of the cell
Telophase- the cell pinches, and two identical daughter cells are formed

Question 3

Explain the difference between smooth and rough ER

Answer 3

The rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface, and is where molecules are synthesized and collected. The smooth ER does not have ribosomes attached to its surface and it makes cellular products like hormones and lipids

Question 4

List and explain the 3 types of muscle tissues

Answer 4

Skeletal- moves bones and structures
Smooth- forms organs like the stomach and bladder to facilitate bodily functions
Cardiac- contracts the heart to pump blood