Human Body

Question 1

Study of the structure and shape of the body and it’s parts and their relationship to one another

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

Study of how the body and its parts work or function

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

Organized genetic unit capable of metabolism, reproduction, and evolution

Answer 3

Life

Question 4

Total chemical activity, consists of thousands of chemical reactions

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

Provide control and coordination, carries information for building a protein

Answer 5

Genes

Question 6

Maintenance of a relatively stable internal condition

Answer 6

Homeostasis

Question 7

Made up of atoms which can be organized into cells

Answer 7

Molecules

Question 8

Working components of living organisms

Answer 8

Cells

Question 9

Group of cells with similar coordinated function

Answer 9

Tissue

Question 10

Combined several tissues that function together

Answer 10

Organs

Question 11

Recognizable, self-contained individual made up of organs and organ systems

Answer 11

Organism

Question 12

How many body systems are there

Answer 12

11

Question 13

1. Forms the external body covering
2. Protects deeper tissue from injury
3. Synthesizes vitamin D
4. Location of cutaneous receptors, oil, and sweat glands

Answer 13

Integumentary system

Question 14

1. Protects and supports body organs
2. Provides a framework for muscle attachment
3. Blood cells form within bones
4. Stores minerals

Answer 14

Skeletal system

Question 15

1. Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression
2. Maintains posture
3. Produces heat

Answer 15

Muscular system

Question 16

1. Fast acting control center of the body

2. Responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

Answer 16

Nervous system

Question 17

1. Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism

Answer 17

Endocrine system

Question 18

1. Blood vessels transport blood which carries oxygen, CO2, nutrients, and waste
2. The heart pumps blood

Answer 18

Cardiovascular system

Question 19

1. Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels & returns it to the blood
2. Disposed of debris in the lymphatic stream
3. Houses white blood cells involved in immunity

Answer 19

Lymphatic system

Question 20

1. Keeps blood constantly supplied w oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
2. The gas exchange occurs through the walls of the lungs

Answer 20

Respiratory system

Question 21

1. Breaks food down into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells
2. Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces

Answer 21

Digestive system

Question 22

1. Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body

2. Regulates water, electrolyte, and pH balance of the blood

Answer 22

Urinary system

Question 23

1. Production of offspring
2. Tested produce sperm and make sex hormones
3. Ducts abs glands aid in delivery of viable sperm to the female reproductive tract

Answer 23

Reproductive system (male)

Question 24

1. Production of offspring
2. Ovaries produce eggs and sex hormones
3. Remaining sites serve as sites for fertilization development of the fetus
4. Mammary glands of female produce milk to nourish the newborn

Answer 24

Reproductive system (female)

Question 25

the maintenance of stable, internal conditions within narrow limits

Answer 25

homeostasis

Question 26

In negative feedback, a sensing mechanism is called a

Answer 26

receptor

Question 27

A receptor, used during negative feedback, detects a ___ in conditions beyond set limits

Answer 27

change

Question 28

A __ center, or ____ evaluates changes detected by the receptor and activates a second mechanism called a ___ to correct the condition

Answer 28

control integrator effector

Question 29

Conditions are constantly monitored by ___ and evaluated by the ___ (the brain).

Answer 29

receptors | control center

Question 30

In ____ _____, the original condition is ____ or negated, so that conditions are returned to normal.

Answer 30

negative feedback | canceled

Question 31

In ___ ____, in which an action ____ a condition so that it is driven ___ beyond normal limits

Answer 31

positive feedback, intensifies, farther

Question 32

Thermoregulation is an example of ____

Answer 32

homeostasis

Question 33

The ___ ____ center (thermostat) is located within the central nervous system in the

Answer 33

vertebrate thermoregulatory | hypothalamus

Question 34

Body temp is regulated by ___ mechanisms

Answer 34

three

Question 35

Body temp is regulated by mechanisms, such as ___ by evaporation (sweating, panting)

Answer 35

cooling

Question 36

Body temp is regulated by mechanisms such as ___ by metabolism (shivering)

Answer 36

warming

Question 37

Body temp is regulated by mechanisms such as adjusting ___ ___ to regulate temperature. This is changing the volume of blood that flows to areas

Answer 37

surface area

Question 38

Increasing the diameter of blood vessels

Answer 38

vasodilation

Question 39

decreasing the diameter of blood vessels

Answer 39

vasoconstriction

Question 40

The ___ ____ center is located within the central nervous system in the ____ of the brain, which is the control center

Answer 40

vertebrate thermoregulatory | hypothalamus

Question 41

Toward the head or upper body of the body

Answer 41

superior

Question 42

away from the head, lower body

Answer 42

inferior

Question 43

front of an organism

Answer 43

anterior

Question 44

back of an organism

Answer 44

posterior

Question 45

8 necessary life functions

Answer 45

``` maintain boundaries movement growth responsiveness digestion metabolism excretion reproduction ```

Question 46

5 needs of humans and why

Answer 46

1. nutrients from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide disease prevention, growth, and good health 2. oxygen is required to release energy from food 3. Water, accounting for 60% of body weight, and provides basis of various body fluids 4. Appropriate Body temp- needed because if its too high or low, physiological functions cease because molecules are destroyed or are nonfunctional 5. Appropriate atmospheric pressure- the force exerted o the body by the weight of the air. its essential for normal operation of the respiratory system and breathing