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Physiology > THE CELL > Flashcards

THE CELL Flashcards

1
Q

Smallest functional units that retain necessary characteristics for life

A

Cell

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2
Q

Group of similar cells performing similar functions

A

Tissue

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3
Q

XXX

A

Plasma membrane

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4
Q

Aka. Intracellular fluid. Fluid contents inside a cell

A

Cytosol

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5
Q

Fluid outside the cell containing substances

A

Extracellular fluid

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6
Q

Fluid between cells

A

Intersitital fluid

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7
Q

Fluid in blood vessels

A

Plasma

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8
Q

Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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9
Q

Reflectss on the performance of a cell function. - Strengthen, support, and connects adjacent cell membranes

A

Membrane proteins

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10
Q

Finger-like projections that increase surface area

A

Microvilli

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11
Q

Cell substance between cell membrane and nucleus consisting of cytosol and organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

A cell consists of protein filaments with cytosol giving cell structural support and some movement

A

Cytoskeleton

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13
Q

A rounded/elongated organelle that directs growth, metabolism, cell production, and contains most of DNA

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

Organelle where protein synthesis takes place

A

Ribosomes

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15
Q

The site of protein synthesis with attached ribosomes

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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16
Q

Creates lipid molecules, regulates calcium with the cell and metabolism

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

17
Q

Aka. Apparatus. Organelle that processes, organizes, and delivers molecules to the plasma membrane and around cell

A

Golgi Complex

18
Q

An organelle that breaks down substances

A

Lysosome

19
Q

An organelle that produces ATP from organic compounds

A

Mitochondria

20
Q

Hair-like projections on cell providing steady movement of fluid/particles along cell surface

A

Cilia

21
Q

Longer hair-like projections than cilia providing movement of cell body

A

Flagella

22
Q

The transport of material across the plasma membrane passively or actively

A

Membrane transport

23
Q

No energy needed for membrane transport

A

Passive transport

24
Q

Energy needed for membrane transport

A

Active transport

25
Q

A difference in concentration of a chemical from one place to another

A

Concentration gradient

26
Q

A passive process of a substance moving down its concentration gradient (both solvents and solutes)

A

Diffusion

27
Q

Movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane (a passive process)

A

Osmosis

28
Q

Movement of a substance across a membrane against its concentration gradient (an active process)

A

Active transport

29
Q

Movements in a small spherical sac (an active process)

A

Transport in vesicles

30
Q

Extracellular materials brought into a cell in a vesicle formed by plasma membrane

A

Endocytosis

31
Q

A form of endocytosis, engulfing large solid particles, performed only by phagocytes

A

Phagocytosis

32
Q

Vesicles formed in a cell fuse with plasma membrane and release materials out of the cell

A

Exocytosis

33
Q

Allows substances to pass between cells

A

Gap junctions

34
Q

Prevent passageway of substances between cells

A

Tight junctions

35
Q

Anchors cells to one another

A

Anchoring junction

Physiology (8 decks)

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